@inproceedings{saponas2009enabling,
author = {Saponas, Scott and Tan, Desney and Morris, Dan and Balakrishnan, Ravin and Turner, Jim and Landay, James A.},
title = {Enabling Always-Available Input with Muscle-Computer Interfaces},
booktitle = {UIST '09 Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology},
year = {2009},
month = {October},
abstract = {Previous work has demonstrated the viability of applying offline analysis to interpret forearm electromyography (EMG) and classify finger gestures on a physical surface. We extend those results to bring us closer to using muscle-computer interfaces for always-available input in real-world applications. We leverage existing taxonomies of natural human grips to develop a gesture set covering interaction in free space even when hands are busy with other objects. We present a system that classifies these gestures in real-time and we introduce a bi-manual paradigm that enables use in interactive systems. We report experimental results demonstrating four-finger classification accuracies averaging 79% for pinching, 85% while holding a travel mug, and 88% when carrying a weighted bag. We further show generalizability across different arm postures and explore the tradeoffs of providing real-time visual feedback.},
publisher = {ACM},
url = {http://approjects.co.za/?big=en-us/research/publication/enabling-always-available-input-muscle-computer-interfaces/},
pages = {167-176},
isbn = {978-1-60558-745-5},
edition = {UIST '09 Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology},
}