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Unlicensed is growing up Experience in existing bands Broader use requires better reliability Coexistence of smart devices Goals Establish common ground Joint proposal to regulators Objectives today Reality test our thinking so far Improve the proposal Build consensusP}PP5PPFP}5F  x The Outlook2Over time the number of wireless data devices will increase dramatically (e.g. sensors) Over time the demand and expectation from wireless connectivity will increase Current allocation of unlicensed bandwidth is not sufficient to meet these demands Need regulations to enable robust wireless data networks X$}}} + :&%Design CriteriaEnable continued innovation Minimize mutual interference between transmitters Allow all devices to contend and gain some access Maximize spectrum utility Global solution}LState of Art  WiFi performance data& ''  u%Round Trip Delay versus Node Density  w!Throughput versus number of flowsv(In the presence of other 2.4 GHz devices)Colliding standards: performance degradesJFollowing rules and regulations but& .~(Etiquette Proposal& . Design Criteria (repeat)Enable continued innovation Minimize mutual interference between transmitters Allow all devices to contend and gain some access Maximize spectrum utility Global solution Design GoalsjAllow continued innovation in the Physical (PHY) and Medium Access Control (MAC) layers Minimize mutual interference between transmitters Allow all devices to contend and gain access to the channel Maximize spectrum utilization and capacity Note: goals 2 & 4 are related. Promote harmonization of rules and regulations for spectrum management around the world j" X [jConstraints (self imposed)  to facilitate operation of diverse wireless devices&S4Make no assumptions about receivers or their existence Consider transmitters only Make no assumptions about the channel Channel may be symmetric or asymmetric Make no assumptions about formats Do not think in terms of bits, bytes, or frames  this is for higher layer protocols (e.g. TCP/IP) Work with time, frequency, and power r8PP'P(P+ P"+ PP+ P8''    "m 2Constraints Limitations$   Etiquettes do not completely eliminate device interference Etiquettes do not address the inevitable reduction of throughput with increase in node densitylEtiquette ProposalcTransmit Power Control (TPC) Reduce interference between neighbors, increase capacity through increased spatial reuse Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) Reduce destructive interference resulting from simultaneous transmissions Listen Before Talk with Channel Wait Time (LBT-CWT) Eliminate the possibility of devices being shut out from using the spectrumZ"K4LZ"K4L  Etiquette Proposal (cont.)TPC is applied to the entire unlicensed band DFS is applied to x % of the unlicensed band LBT-CWT is applied to (100-x) % of the unlicsensed band {Strengths and RationaleSimplicity Easy to understand and enforce. Complicated regulations help neither the adopters nor the enforcers. Existence Proof (true and tried technologies) TPC and DFS are already mandated in Europe and Japan (e.g. ETSI HIPERLAN/2) LBT-CWT is an abstraction of widely successful CSMA/CA Easy to Implement TPC, DFS, LBT-CWT are based on RSSI measurement that can be obtained from a variety of modulation schemes  ZfZZ.ZZZkZZ 3ff.3f3fkmMapping Proposal to Goals#Goal 1: Allow innovations in PHY and MAC DFS, TPC allow CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, CSMA etc. protocols over most of the band Goal 2: Prevent mutual interference between transmitters DFS and LBT-CWT Goal 3: Last one in can still use the spectrum LBT-CWT provides probabilistic fairness. Greedy transmitters are not allowed to monopolize channel Goal 4: Maximize overall spectrum utilization and capacity DFS provides 100% utilization, LBT-CWT provides approximately 95% utilization Allow transmitters to transmit in the presence of existing signals )PNP9PP/PeP;PPP)3fK3f93f/3fe;  3f    pNotable PointsInterference redefined In case a signal is detected, the device may still begin using the channel if its transmissions do not cause harmful interference to the current transmitting system. Parameter values Chosen to make it easy for hardware vendors to incorporate and adopt rules For LBT-CWT, utilization goes over 95% when more than one device is on the network Provided in the paper& .. Open Questions All three rules can suffer from the hidden terminal problem When receivers can transmit, hidden terminal problem can be removed Developing an algorithm for TPC without receivers in the loop is difficult PPP<PDPLPP3f3f3f<DL   ConclusionsAdditional unlicensed band is needed to meet future demands on wireless data networks Regulation of this unlicensed band is necessary We have proposed an etiquette that includes TPC, DFS, and LBT-CWT Strengths Simple for adopters and enforcers Built on proven technology Allows continued innovation in PHY and MAC Does not dictate any particular network architecture Improves definition of what constitutes interference Weakness Does not solve hidden terminal problems LBT-CWT does not get us 100% utilization TPC needs to be defined b PP PP5PP PlP 5    l  |uThanks ! 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'2 `4Microsoft Corporation.---% //--'@Arial-. f=2 j+$Spectrum Policy: Property or Commons.-@Arial-. f$2 o<Stanford Law Schoolo.-@Arial-. f2 tB March 2, 2003.-@Arial-. K2 -Spectrum Etiquettes for Short Range Wireless .-@Arial-. =2 $$Devices Operating in the Unlicensed .-@Arial-. 2 +6Band .-@Arial-.  2 +F-*.-@Arial-. 2 +J A Proposal.- This value indicates the number of saves or revisions. The application is responsible for updati#_s" Victor BahlVictor Bahl  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~      !#$%&'()+,-./01A3456789>?@LMNOPRoot EntrydO)@vK PicturesCurrent User2SummaryInformation("PowerPoint Document("DocumentSummaryInformation8 MsoDataStore PvPv31TGZCRTEE==2PvPvItem  *PropertiesDI10EIQ==2 PvPvItem  PropertiesF44JGEKF2QJ1==2PvPvItem *Properties,ng this value after each revision. ace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2006/metadata/properties" ma:root="true" ma:fieldsID="b387f137bb906b7447443f1b7ddcb5f2" ns1:_="" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:p="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2006/metadata/properties" xmlns:ns1="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/v3"> This value indicates the number of saves or revisions. The application is responsible for updating this value after each revision.   !"#$%&'()+-./ DocumentLibraryFormDocumentLibraryFormDocumentLibraryForm ՜.+,D՜.+,`    On-screen ShowMicrosoft Corporation@  ArialComic Sans MSTimes New RomanTahoma WingdingsTimes MS PGothicVerdanaDefault DesignMicrosoft Excel ChartSlide 1 Introduction The OutlookDesign Criteria+State of Art – WiFi performance data…&Round Trip Delay versus Node Density "Throughput versus number of flows)In the presence of other 2.4 GHz devices*Colliding standards: performance degrades(Following rules and regulations but….Etiquette Proposal….Design Criteria (repeat) Design GoalsUConstraints (self imposed) – to facilitate operation of diverse wireless devicesConstraints  LimitationsEtiquette ProposalEtiquette Proposal (cont.)Strengths and RationaleMapping Proposal to GoalsNotable Points ConclusionsvThanks ! For additional details, contact Pierre de Vries (pierred@microsoft.com) Victor Bahl (bahl@microsoft.com)  Fonts UsedDesign TemplateEmbedded OLE Servers Slide Titles0t _PID_HLINKSPublishingExpirationDatePublishingStartDateA mailto:pierred@microsoft.commailto:bahl@microsoft.com2019-04-03T09:09:48Z2000-01-01T00:00:00Z