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Tm [(and)-250.32043 (connection)-250.36621 (patterns)-250.39673 (\(roles\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 -49.20801 Tm [(Higher)-324.34082 (le)24.64294 (v)14.63318 (el)-324.37134 (tasks)-323.39478 (are)-324.40186 (performed)-324.44763 (through)-324.46289 (completion)-323.51685 (of)-324.53918 (lo)24.45984 (w-le)24.44458 (v)14.45007 (el)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 -59.17101 Tm [(tasks.)-471.32874 (F)14.66370 (or)-304.35181 (e)14.63318 (xample,)-317.38281 (if)-304.39758 (link)9.58252 (ed)-304.42810 (actors)-304.44336 (ha)19.54651 (v)14.54163 (e)-303.45154 (a)-304.45862 (lar)17.51709 (ge)-304.48914 (number)-304.51965 (of)-303.52783 (common)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 -69.13301 Tm [(connections)-250.35095 (that)-249.37439 (are)-250.38147 (themselv)14.57214 (es)-249.43542 (interconnected,)-250.47302 (the)14.51111 (y)-249.49646 (most)-250.51880 (lik)9.46045 (ely)-249.54224 (form)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 -79.09601 Tm [(a)-295.31860 (community)64.65149 (.)-446.35010 (Thus,)-306.38123 (social)-295.41016 (netw)9.56726 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[(connected)-285.07996 (to)-284.10339 (each)-285.11047 (other)-285.12573 ()-284.14917 (to)-285.15625 (understand)-284.21021 (their)-285.21729 (relationship)-285.26306 (and)-284.28650 (roles.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 367.93100 Tm [(F)14.93835 (or)-264.05334 (e)14.93835 (xample,)-268.09692 (communities)-264.14490 (clearly)-264.17542 (emer)17.80701 (ge)-264.20593 (when)-264.22119 (visualizing)-264.26697 (the)-264.28223 (coau-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 357.96800 Tm [(thorship)-388.07678 (netw)9.90295 (ork)-388.10730 (of)-389.11438 (a)-388.12256 (conference,)-423.17200 (where)-388.21411 (nodes)-388.22937 (are)-388.22937 (researchers)-388.29041 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 348.00600 Tm [(links)-298.08044 (represent)-298.11096 (articles)-298.14148 (co-signed)-298.17200 (by)-299.19434 (other)-298.20251 (researchers.)-454.25415 (Dif)24.73450 (ferent)-298.27881 (pat-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 338.04300 Tm [(terns)-366.07361 (are)-366.07361 (visible,)-395.12634 (such)-366.13464 (as)-366.14990 (student-advisor)-366.19568 (relations)0.76294 (hips)-366.24146 (or)-366.25671 (laboratory)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 328.08000 Tm [(collaboration)-285.11047 (relationships.)-416.15295 (Studying)-285.18677 (these)-286.20911 (communities)-285.24780 (and)-285.27832 (patterns)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 318.11800 Tm [(helps)-296.08154 (us)-297.07336 (understand)-296.12732 (for)-296.14258 (e)14.86206 (xample)-296.17310 (who)-297.18018 (are)-296.18835 (the)-296.21887 (most)-296.23413 (connected/prolic)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 308.15500 Tm [(authors)-304.07715 (and)-303.10059 (the)-304.10767 (boundary)-304.13818 (of)-303.16162 (their)-304.16870 (communities.)-471.22192 (When)-304.24500 (such)-303.26843 (commu-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 298.19299 Tm [(nities)-330.07813 (are)-329.08630 (identied)-330.12390 (\(for)-329.13208 (e)14.86206 (xample)-330.16968 (by)-330.18494 (clustering)-329.22363 (algorithms\),)-350.26550 (the)14.72473 (y)-329.28467 (can)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 288.23000 Tm [(be)-284.07288 (grouped)-284.08813 (visually)-284.11865 (and)-285.14099 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(er)19.71436 (-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 187.56500 Tm [(lapping)-354.09546 (clusters,)-380.14221 (increasing)-354.17175 (the)-355.19409 (visual)-354.21753 (comple)14.75525 (xity)-354.24805 (of)-354.26331 (the)-354.27856 (graph)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 177.60201 Tm [(by)-318.08472 (introducing)-318.13049 (node)-317.15393 (o)14.84680 (v)14.84680 (erlap)-318.17627 (and)-318.19153 (link)-318.20679 (crossings)-318.23730 (due)-318.26782 (to)-317.27600 (the)-318.28308 (tight)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 167.64000 Tm [(space)-301.08643 (packing.)-463.13477 (V)59.87549 (isualizing)-301.16272 (the)-301.19324 (o)14.80103 (v)14.80103 (erlapping)-301.22375 (nodes)-301.25427 (is)-301.25427 (dif)24.73450 (cult)-301.28479 (or)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 157.67700 Tm [(e)24.93286 (v)14.92310 (en)-250.09155 (impossible)-250.12207 (when)-250.15259 (the)-250.16785 (number)-250.19836 (of)-250.19836 (intersections)-250.25940 (increases.)]TJ ET 0.39799 w 1 0 0 1 126 148.52100 cm 0 0 m 112.67000 0 l S BT /F5 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 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(the)-381.37817 (visualization)-381.42395 (still)-380.44739 (suf)24.53613 (fers)-381.46973 (from)-381.48499 (edge-crossings,)-413.54370 (re-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 240.87099 Tm [(ducing)-396.33179 (its)-396.34705 (readability)64.60571 (.)-749.38965 (Moreo)14.57214 (v)14.57214 (er)39.56604 (,)-433.44116 (decidi)0.53406 (ng)-397.46094 (where)-396.49963 (to)-396.49963 (place)-396.53015 (an)-396.54541 (actor)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 230.90799 Tm [(shared)-250.33569 (between)-250.36621 (communities)-250.41199 (remains)-250.44250 (a)-250.44250 (challenge.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 220.94598 Tm [(T)79.66614 (o)-218.33801 (impro)14.64844 (v)14.64844 (e)-217.36145 (readability)-218.41431 (and)-217.42249 (solv)14.55688 (e)-218.42957 (ambiguous)-218.49060 (clusteri)0.50354 (ng,)-225.52490 (we)-217.52930 (propose)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 210.98299 Tm [(using)-343.32275 (actor)-343.35327 (duplications:)-496.39893 (introducing)-343.44482 (ne)24.53613 (w)-343.47534 (nodes)-343.49060 (to)-343.50586 (represent)-343.53638 (aliases)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 201.02098 Tm [(of)-382.32422 (actors.)-705.35278 (W)79.63562 (e)-381.36292 (implement)-382.40051 (this)-382.41577 (idea)-381.43921 (in)-382.44629 (NodeT)34.51538 (rix.)-705.49011 (Figure)-382.52258 (1)-382.53784 (sho)24.44458 (ws)-381.54602 (a)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 191.05798 Tm [(NodeT)34.65271 (rix)-371.35315 (representation)-372.40601 (before)-371.42944 (\(b\))-371.44470 (and)-372.45178 (after)-371.47522 (\(c\))-371.49048 (duplication.)-674.53003 (Actor)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 181.09499 Tm [(duplication)-380.35583 (pro)14.63318 (vides)-379.39453 (e)14.60266 (xibility)-380.41687 (by)-380.43213 (allo)24.53613 (wing)-379.47083 (clustering)-380.52368 (of)-380.52368 (shared)-379.54712 (ac-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 171.13298 Tm [(tors)-233.32214 (in)-232.33032 (multiple)-233.36792 (communities)-232.42188 (\(Figure)-233.44421 (2\))-233.44421 (and)-232.45239 (may)-233.47473 (reduce)-233.52051 (the)-232.52869 (netw)9.44519 (orks')]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 161.16998 Tm [(visual)-244.32373 (comple)14.63318 (xity)-244.36951 (by)-243.37769 (suppressing)-244.43054 (links.)-308.45642 (Ne)24.53613 (v)14.54163 (ertheless,)-245.49866 (it)-244.50684 (alters)-244.53735 (the)-243.54553 (net-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 151.20699 Tm [(w)9.67407 (ork)-345.33691 (structure)-345.35217 (and)-345.38269 (may)-345.39795 (af)24.59717 (fect)-345.42847 (the)-345.44373 (user')54.53491 (s)-345.45898 (percepti)0.50354 (on)-345.50476 (during)-345.53528 (analysis.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 141.24498 Tm [(This)-300.33875 (article)-299.36218 (discusses)-300.38452 (w)9.59778 (ays)-300.39978 (of)-300.43030 (representing)-299.45374 (duplications)-300.52185 (and,)-312.53052 (through)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 131.28198 Tm [(a)-308.31909 (controlled)-309.35669 (e)14.63318 (xperiment,)-323.41003 (e)14.58740 (xamines)-308.42590 (ho)24.55139 (w)-309.44824 (duplicating)-308.50220 (actors)-309.52454 (af)24.47510 (fects)-308.54797 (so-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 121.31898 Tm [(cial)-250.32043 (netw)9.64355 (orks)-250.36621 (analysis.)]TJ /F1 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.84398 103.45999 Tm [(2)-1050.32349 (R)]TJ /F1 7.17310 Tf 1 0 0 1 212.16599 103.45999 Tm [(E)-63.90381 (L)-62.92725 (A)26.04675 (T)-62.97302 (E)-64.01062 (D)-411.04126 (W)-45.08972 (O)-64.13269 (R)-63.15613 (K)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.61998 90.26900 Tm [(Social)-357.33032 (netw)9.64355 (orks)-356.36902 (describe)-357.40662 (persons)-356.43005 (or)-357.43713 (or)17.54761 (g)4.54712 (anizations)-356.50635 (\(actors\))-357.52869 (and)-356.53687 (their)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 80.30600 Tm [(relationships.)-424.36218 (Examples)-288.40637 (include)-288.42163 (genealogical)-288.48267 (trees,)-297.50061 (disease)-288.52844 (transmis-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 70.34399 Tm [(sion)-329.33044 (and)-329.34570 (communication)-330.39856 (netw)9.56726 (orks.)-547.43958 (In)-330.44434 (this)-329.46777 (paper)39.50500 (,)-349.48730 (we)-329.51355 (concentrate)-329.54407 (on)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 60.38100 Tm [(visual)-307.32727 (analysis)-308.36487 (techniques)-307.40356 (to)-308.41064 (analyze)-307.44934 (social)-308.47168 (net)0.51880 (w)9.52148 (orks)-308.51746 (\(detailed)-307.52563 (infor)19.43970 (-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 50.41899 Tm [(mation)-250.33569 (on)-250.35095 (statistical)-250.38147 (and)-250.39673 (structural)-250.42725 (methods)-250.47302 (can)-250.48828 (be)-250.48828 (found)-250.50354 (in)-250.51880 ([31]\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 40.45599 Tm [(Exploring)-473.35815 (social)-474.38049 (netw)9.59778 (orks)-473.41919 (in)39.56604 (v)19.56177 (olv)14.55688 (es)-474.45679 (tasks)-473.46497 (at)-473.49548 (se)24.50562 (v)14.49585 (eral)-474.50256 (le)24.47510 (v)14.46533 (els)-473.54126 ([27].)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 30.49300 Tm [(Lo)24.67346 (w-le)24.65820 (v)14.66370 (el)-425.35400 (readability)-425.38452 (tasks)-425.41504 (include:)-660.44617 (nding)-425.47607 (if)-425.49133 (tw)9.50623 (o)-424.49951 (actors)-425.53711 (are)-425.55237 (con-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 20.53099 Tm 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190.61998 60.38100 Tm [(visual)-307.32727 (analysis)-308.36487 (techniques)-307.40356 (to)-308.41064 (analyze)-307.44934 (social)-308.47168 (net)0.51880 (w)9.52148 (orks)-308.51746 (\(detailed)-307.52563 (infor)19.43970 (-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 50.41899 Tm [(mation)-250.33569 (on)-250.35095 (statistical)-250.38147 (and)-250.39673 (structural)-250.42725 (methods)-250.47302 (can)-250.48828 (be)-250.48828 (found)-250.50354 (in)-250.51880 ([31]\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 40.45599 Tm [(Exploring)-473.35815 (social)-474.38049 (netw)9.59778 (orks)-473.41919 (in)39.56604 (v)19.56177 (olv)14.55688 (es)-474.45679 (tasks)-473.46497 (at)-473.49548 (se)24.50562 (v)14.49585 (eral)-474.50256 (le)24.47510 (v)14.46533 (els)-473.54126 ([27].)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 30.49300 Tm [(Lo)24.67346 (w-le)24.65820 (v)14.66370 (el)-425.35400 (readability)-425.38452 (tasks)-425.41504 (include:)-660.44617 (nding)-425.47607 (if)-425.49133 (tw)9.50623 (o)-424.49951 (actors)-425.53711 (are)-425.55237 (con-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 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(Man)14.45007 (y)-404.55627 (sociologists)-404.73938 (perform)-403.85437 (statistical)-405.04456 (analyses)-404.15955 (on)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 467.81700 Tm [(these)-275.29907 (netw)9.62830 (orks,)-281.43311 (attempting)-276.61133 (to)-275.63477 (t)-275.66528 (their)-275.74158 (data)-275.81787 (to)-275.84839 (e)14.12964 (xisting)-275.97046 (models)-276.06201 (accord-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 457.85400 Tm [(ing)-344.26880 (to)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 78.60800 457.85400 Tm [(a)-344.29932 (priori)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 110.19301 457.85400 Tm [(h)4.51660 (ypotheses.)-593.61267 (Ho)24.32251 (we)24.27673 (v)14.26697 (er)39.26086 (,)-368.74390 (visual)-344.84863 (analysis)-344.98596 (becomes)-345.10803 (more)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54.00002 447.89200 Tm [(and)-303.29895 (more)-303.35999 (popular)-303.46680 (as)-303.49731 (it)-303.54309 (of)24.41406 (fers)-303.61938 (the)-303.68042 (opportunity)-303.89404 (to)-303.89404 (vie)24.03259 (w)-302.97852 (the)-304.03137 (ra)13.91602 (w)-304.10767 (data)-304.15344 (in)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54.00002 437.92900 Tm [(an)-256.24084 (e)14.69421 (xploratory)-257.41577 (manner)39.45923 (,)-258.54492 (without)-257.67517 (bias)-256.72913 (or)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 195.56601 437.92900 Tm [(a)-256.79016 (priori)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 225.57600 437.92900 Tm [(formed)-257.03430 (analysis)-258.14819 (ques-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 427.96600 Tm [(tions,)-250.30518 (and)-250.36621 (opens)-250.44250 (ne)24.52087 (w)-250.48828 (perspecti)24.38354 (v)14.34326 (es)-250.71716 (for)-250.73242 (pre)24.21570 (viously)-250.91553 (analyzed)-251.03760 (datasets.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 63.96300 417.74400 Tm [(The)-271.30127 (most)-271.40808 (popular)-271.49963 (visual)-271.60645 (representation)-271.78955 (of)-270.85876 (social)-271.91162 (netw)8.97217 (orks)-272.09473 (is)-272.14050 (node-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 407.78200 Tm [(link)-412.24670 (diagrams)-413.37585 (where)-412.50610 (persons)-412.61292 (\(actors\))-412.73499 (are)-413.84888 (represented)-412.97913 (as)-413.04016 (nodes)-413.14697 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 397.81900 Tm [(their)-324.31030 (relationships)-323.44055 (as)-324.52393 (links.)-532.57751 (An)-323.66943 (important)-324.79858 (task)-324.87488 (when)-324.93591 (analyzing)-324.09668 (these)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 387.85600 Tm [(netw)9.73511 (orks)-354.32434 (is)-353.37830 (e)14.58740 (xamining)-354.53796 (communities)-354.73633 ()-353.77502 (i.e.)-621.84143 (groups)-354.94995 (of)-354.99573 (actors)-354.11072 (tightly)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 377.89400 Tm [(connected)-285.32410 (to)-284.39331 (each)-285.43091 (other)-285.53772 ()-284.60693 (to)-285.64453 (understand)-284.80530 (their)-285.85815 (relationship)-286.04126 (and)-285.11047 (roles.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 367.93100 Tm [(F)14.77051 (or)-264.23645 (e)14.70947 (xample,)-268.38684 (communities)-264.57214 (clearly)-264.70947 (emer)17.25769 (ge)-264.80103 (when)-264.86206 (visualizing)-265.07568 (the)-265.10620 (coau-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 357.96800 Tm [(thorship)-388.32092 (netw)9.61304 (ork)-388.47351 (of)-389.49585 (a)-388.50403 (conference,)-423.67554 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(their)-304.70276 (communities.)-471.87805 (When)-304.97742 (such)-304.09241 (commu-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 298.19299 Tm [(nities)-330.30701 (are)-329.33044 (identied)-330.50537 (\(for)-329.54407 (e)14.40430 (xample)-330.67322 (by)-330.73425 (clustering)-329.89502 (algorithms\),)-351.05896 (the)13.88550 (y)-330.13916 (can)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 288.23000 Tm [(be)-284.27124 (grouped)-284.36279 (visually)-284.50012 (and)-285.55298 (structurall)0.27466 (y)-285.73608 (in)-284.79004 (a)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 202.82401 288.23000 Tm [(cluster)36.08704 (ed)-284.94263 (gr)14.02283 (aph)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 261.74400 288.23000 Tm [(\(Figure)-285.15625 (1a\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 278.26700 Tm [(This)-250.25940 (community)-250.45776 (representation)-250.67139 (suf)24.26147 (fers)-250.76294 (from)-250.80872 (tw)9.12476 (o)-250.88501 (problems:)]TJ /F4 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 54 257.30400 Tm [(Clustering)-250.39673 (ambiguity:)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 143.41701 257.30400 Tm [(When)-343.67371 (an)-343.67371 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617.44902 Tm [(of)-304.32129 (such)-304.94690 (a)-303.78723 (mo)17.45605 (v)27.52686 (e)17.59338 (.)-427.32239 (Se)32.94373 (v)27.99988 (er)13.12256 (al)-302.74963 (visual)-303.28369 (duplication)-301.48315 (designs)-300.88806 (are)-301.65100 (discussed)-299.89624 (and)-300.58289 (a)-299.42322 (controlled)-299.68262 (e)37.44507 (xper)-7.24792 (iment)-297.88208 (compar)-6.28662 (ing)-297.07336 (netw)19.31763 (or)-5.53894 (k)-297.45483 (visualization)-295.56274 (with)]TJ 1 0 0 1 77.76001 607.98502 Tm [(and)-243.17932 (without)-241.66870 (duplication)-241.85181 (is)-240.69214 (perf)33.58459 (or)-21.24023 (med,)-247.89429 (using)-239.48669 (6)-240.35645 (tasks)-239.94446 (that)-238.66272 (are)-239.42566 (impor)-33.96606 (tant)-237.70142 (f)36.39221 (or)-238.46436 (g)16.69312 (r)16.70837 (aph)-238.05237 (readability)-236.23657 (and)-236.92322 (visual)-235.50415 (inter)-21.14868 (pretation)-235.59570 (of)-235.36682 (social)-233.97827 (netw)20.40100 (or)-4.40979 (ks)25.75684 (.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 77.76001 598.52002 Tm [(W)31.75354 (e)-283.18787 (sho)17.12036 (w)-283.78296 (that)-282.48596 (in)-282.33337 (our)-282.08923 (e)33.06580 (xper)-11.61194 (iment,)-284.19495 (duplication)5.63049 (s)-281.29578 (signicantly)-279.43420 (impro)21.01135 (v)31.09741 (e)-278.82385 (comm)16.63208 (unity-related)-278.50342 (tasks)-277.06909 (b)28.04565 (ut)-276.82495 (sometimes)-276.00098 (interf)39.38293 (ere)-276.39771 (with)-275.08545 (other)-274.68872 (g)20.44678 (r)20.52307 (aph)]TJ 1 0 0 1 77.76001 589.05602 Tm [(readability)-232.71179 (tasks)17.66968 (.)-326.32446 (Finally)103.25623 (,)-240.73792 (w)13.41248 (e)-231.52161 (propose)-229.88892 (a)-230.78918 (set)-230.51453 (of)-230.36194 (guidelines)-228.59192 (f)35.49194 (or)-229.38538 (deciding)-228.79028 (when)-228.33252 (to)-228.19519 (duplicate)-226.51672 (actors)-227.05078 (and)-226.73035 (choosing)-226.10474 (candidates)-225.26550 (f)39.79492 (or)-224.07532 (duplication,)]TJ 1 0 0 1 77.76001 579.59102 Tm [(and)-276.16882 (alter)-22.85767 (nativ)27.51160 (e)-275.40588 (w)17.74597 (a)32.82166 (ys)-275.02441 (to)-274.85657 (render)-274.33777 (them)-273.95630 (in)-273.78845 (social)-273.34595 (netw)15.04517 (or)-9.81140 (k)-272.73560 (representations)21.40808 (.)]TJ /F1 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 77.76001 565.39401 Tm [(Inde)16.90674 (x)-276.01624 (T)62.05750 (erms)]TJ /F0 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 124.11401 565.39401 Tm [(Cluster)-11.87134 (ing,)-274.64294 (Gr)13.59558 (aph)-274.10889 (Visualization,)-273.19336 (Node)-272.73560 (Duplications)21.16394 (,)-271.82007 (Social)-271.31653 (Netw)17.05933 (or)-7.75146 (ks)22.39990 (.)]TJ ET q 204.48000 0 0 11.52000 208.25999 541.14200 cm /X0 Do Q BT /F1 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 54.22400 521.21700 Tm [(1)-1050.30823 (I)]TJ /F1 7.17310 Tf 1 0 0 1 71.56500 521.21700 Tm [(N)-64.13269 (T)-63.21716 (R)-44.37256 (O)-64.52942 (D)-64.72778 (U)-63.88855 (C)-65.03296 (T)-65.20081 (I)-65.27710 (O)-65.41443 (N)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 54 507.66800 Tm [(Social)-214.32495 (netw)9.50623 (orks)-215.53040 (analysis)-214.70642 (is)-214.75220 (becoming)-214.92004 (increasingly)-216.15601 (popular)-215.30151 (with)-215.37781 (online)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 497.70500 Tm [(communities)-310.45532 (such)-309.55505 (as)-310.62317 (F)14.31274 (aceBook,)-324.85962 (MySpace)-311.06567 (or)-311.08093 (Flickr)38.78784 (,)-325.21057 (where)-311.30981 (users)-310.45532 (log)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 487.74200 Tm [(in,)-268.35632 (e)14.64844 (xchange)-265.48767 (messages)-265.68604 (or)-265.68604 (pictures,)-268.84460 (and)-265.93018 (generally)-266.14380 (interact)-266.26587 (with)-265.36560 (friends)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 477.78000 Tm [(or)-404.29688 (collaborators.)-770.53833 (Man)14.31274 (y)-404.69360 (sociologists)-404.92249 (perform)-404.08325 (statistical)-405.30396 (analyses)-404.44946 (on)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 467.81700 Tm [(these)-275.37537 (netw)9.53674 (orks,)-281.53992 (attempting)-276.76392 (to)-275.78735 (t)-275.83313 (their)-275.93994 (data)-276.03149 (to)-276.04675 (e)13.91602 (xisting)-276.21460 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54 427.96600 Tm [(tions,)-250.38147 (and)-250.45776 (opens)-250.56458 (ne)24.39880 (w)-250.62561 (perspecti)24.23096 (v)14.17542 (es)-250.88501 (for)-250.91553 (pre)24.01733 (viously)-251.14441 (analyzed)-251.29700 (datasets.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 63.96300 417.74400 Tm [(The)-271.37756 (most)-271.51489 (popular)-271.62170 (visual)-271.75903 (representation)-271.98792 (of)-271.07239 (social)-272.14050 (netw)8.71277 (orks)-272.36938 (is)-272.43042 (node-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 407.78200 Tm [(link)-412.32300 (diagrams)-413.46741 (where)-412.62817 (persons)-412.76550 (\(actors\))-412.91809 (are)-414.06250 (represented)-413.22327 (as)-413.29956 (nodes)-413.42163 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 397.81900 Tm [(their)-324.38660 (relationships)-323.56262 (as)-324.64600 (links.)-532.73010 (An)-323.83728 (important)-324.99695 (task)-325.10376 (when)-325.18005 (analyzing)-324.38660 (these)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 387.85600 Tm [(netw)9.65881 (orks)-354.41589 (is)-353.46985 (e)14.48059 (xamining)-354.67529 (communities)-354.93469 ()-353.97339 (i.e.)-622.05505 (groups)-355.19409 (of)-355.23987 (actors)-354.38538 (tightly)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 377.89400 Tm [(connected)-285.40039 (to)-284.48486 (each)-285.53772 (other)-285.67505 ()-284.75952 (to)-285.81238 (understand)-285.00366 (their)-286.07178 (relationship)-286.30066 (and)-285.38513 (roles.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 367.93100 Tm [(F)14.72473 (or)-264.29749 (e)14.63318 (xample,)-268.49365 (communities)-264.70947 (clearly)-264.89258 (emer)17.07458 (ge)-264.99939 (when)-265.07568 (visualizing)-265.35034 (the)-265.38086 (coau-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 357.96800 Tm [(thorship)-388.41248 (netw)9.52148 (ork)-388.59558 (of)-389.61792 (a)-388.62610 (conference,)-423.84338 (where)-389.02283 (nodes)-389.14490 (are)-389.20593 (researchers)-389.41956 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 348.00600 Tm [(links)-298.38562 (represent)-298.49243 (articles)-298.62976 (co-signed)-298.84338 (by)-299.91150 (other)-299.02649 (researchers.)-455.23071 (Dif)23.65112 (ferent)-299.43848 (pat-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 338.04300 Tm 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(are)-230.19409 (visualized)-231.36902 (as)-230.39246 (o)13.58032 (v)13.54980 (er)18.50891 (-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 187.56500 Tm [(lapping)-354.52271 (clusters,)-380.66101 (increasing)-354.84314 (the)-355.92651 (visual)-355.07202 (comple)13.77869 (xity)-355.28564 (of)-355.30090 (the)-355.37720 (graph)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 177.60201 Tm [(by)-318.45093 (introducing)-318.61877 (node)-317.71851 (o)14.23645 (v)14.23645 (erlap)-318.89343 (and)-318.96973 (link)-319.04602 (crossings)-319.21387 (due)-319.29016 (to)-318.34412 (the)-319.41223 (tight)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 167.64000 Tm [(space)-301.45264 (packing.)-463.62305 (V)59.32617 (isualizing)-301.87988 (the)-301.94092 (o)14.00757 (v)14.02283 (erlapping)-302.13928 (nodes)-302.26135 (is)-302.29187 (dif)23.65112 (cult)-302.44446 (or)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 157.67700 Tm [(e)24.62769 (v)14.55688 (en)-250.45776 (impossible)-250.67139 (when)-250.76294 (the)-250.82397 (number)-250.99182 (of)-251.03760 (intersections)-251.25122 (increases.)]TJ ET 0.39799 w 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(se)22.87292 (v)12.84790 (eral)-298.21777 (nodes,)-311.34033 (hindering)-298.53821 (the)-299.59106 (identica-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 210.54498 339.43199 Tm [(tion)-292.75513 (of)-292.83142 (the)-292.90771 (particul)-0.99182 (ar)-293.06030 (actors)-293.19763 (connected.)-435.34851 (W)77.57568 (e)-293.42651 (qual)-1.51062 (ify)-293.59436 (layouts)-293.70117 (with)]TJ 1 0 0 1 210.54498 329.46899 Tm [(numerous)-208.83179 (o)13.16833 (v)13.09204 (erlapping)-210.06775 (nodes)-209.15222 (and)-210.23560 (edge)-209.36584 (crossings)-210.51025 (as)-209.56421 (ha)17.37976 (ving)-210.70862 (a)-209.71680 (high)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 210.54498 319.50699 Tm [(visual)-251.83105 (comple)18.05115 (xity)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 272.86998 319.50699 Tm (.)Tj 1 0 0 1 200.58298 300.64699 Tm [(Recently)63.17139 (,)-406.81458 (a)-375.82397 (h)3.09753 (ybrid)-375.91553 (representation)-375.21362 (called)-376.35803 (NodeT)32.50122 (rix)-376.54114 ([17])-376.61743 (impro)12.25281 (v)12.25281 (ed)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 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190.61998 250.83398 Tm [(communities,)-414.77966 (the)-382.87354 (visualization)-383.13293 (still)-382.17163 (suf)22.75085 (fers)-383.36182 (from)-383.43811 (edge-crossings,)-415.74097 (re-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 240.87099 Tm [(ducing)-397.67456 (its)-397.70508 (readability)63.01880 (.)-750.97656 (Moreo)12.86316 (v)12.86316 (er)37.84180 (,)-435.15015 (decidi)-1.29700 (ng)-399.32251 (where)-398.48328 (to)-398.51379 (place)-398.66638 (an)-398.74268 (actor)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 230.90799 Tm [(shared)-251.67847 (between)-251.83105 (communities)-252.07520 (remains)-252.21252 (a)-252.22778 (challenge.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 220.94598 Tm [(T)78.32336 (o)-219.68079 (impro)13.24463 (v)13.22937 (e)-218.82629 (readability)-220.03174 (and)-219.10095 (solv)12.81738 (e)-220.18433 (ambiguous)-220.41321 (clusteri)-1.54114 (ng,)-227.60010 (we)-219.63501 (propose)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 210.98299 Tm [(using)-344.60449 (actor)-344.75708 (duplications:)-497.98584 (introducing)-345.21484 (ne)22.70508 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(i.e.)-622.26868 (groups)-355.43823 (of)-355.48401 (actors)-354.66003 (tightly)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 377.89400 Tm [(connected)-285.47668 (to)-284.57642 (each)-285.64453 (other)-285.81238 ()-284.91211 (to)-285.98022 (understand)-285.20203 (their)-286.28540 (relationship)-286.56006 (and)-285.65979 (roles.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 367.93100 Tm [(F)14.67896 (or)-264.35852 (e)14.55688 (xample,)-268.60046 (communities)-264.84680 (clearly)-265.07568 (emer)16.87622 (ge)-265.19775 (when)-265.28931 (visualizing)-265.62500 (the)-265.65552 (coau-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 357.96800 Tm [(thorship)-388.50403 (netw)9.41467 (ork)-388.71765 (of)-389.73999 (a)-388.74817 (conference,)-424.01123 (where)-389.23645 (nodes)-389.37378 (are)-389.45007 (researchers)-389.70947 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 348.00600 Tm [(links)-298.46191 (represent)-298.58398 (articles)-298.75183 (co-signed)-299.01123 (by)-300.09460 (other)-299.22485 (researchers.)-455.47485 (Dif)23.37646 (ferent)-299.72839 (pat-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 338.04300 Tm [(terns)-366.40930 (are)-366.53137 (visible,)-395.67566 (such)-366.82129 (as)-366.86707 (student-advisor)-367.20276 (relations)-0.39673 (hips)-367.50793 (or)-367.56897 (laboratory)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 328.08000 Tm [(collaboration)-285.64453 (relationships.)-416.87012 (Studying)-286.13281 (these)-287.27722 (communities)-286.49902 (and)-286.60583 (patterns)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 318.11800 Tm [(helps)-296.46301 (us)-297.50061 (understand)-296.75293 (for)-296.85974 (e)14.16016 (xample)-297.02759 (who)-298.11096 (are)-297.18018 (the)-297.28699 (most)-297.37854 (connected/prolic)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 308.15500 Tm [(authors)-304.47388 (and)-303.57361 (the)-304.64172 (boundary)-304.90112 (of)-303.95508 (their)-305.05371 (communities.)-472.30530 (When)-305.46570 (such)-304.64172 (commu-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 298.19299 Tm [(nities)-330.45959 (are)-329.48303 (identied)-330.74951 (\(for)-329.81873 (e)14.09912 (xample)-331.00891 (by)-331.10046 (clustering)-330.35278 (algorithms\),)-351.59302 (the)13.32092 (y)-330.70374 (can)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 288.23000 Tm [(be)-284.39331 (grouped)-284.54590 (visually)-284.74426 (and)-285.82764 (structurall)-0.09155 (y)-286.10229 (in)-285.18677 (a)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 202.82401 288.23000 Tm [(cluster)35.62927 (ed)-285.41565 (gr)13.53455 (aph)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 261.74400 288.23000 Tm [(\(Figure)-285.73608 (1a\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 278.26700 Tm [(This)-250.41199 (community)-250.70190 (representation)-251.00708 (suf)23.89526 (fers)-251.12915 (from)-251.20544 (tw)8.69751 (o)-251.32751 (problems:)]TJ /F4 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 54 257.30400 Tm [(Clustering)-250.59509 (ambiguity:)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 143.41701 257.30400 Tm [(When)-344.00940 (an)-344.00940 (actor)-344.17725 (is)-344.20776 (connected)-344.45190 (to)-344.51294 (tw)8.43811 (o)-344.63501 (or)-344.71130 (more)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 247.34100 Tm [(communities:)-552.73438 (1\))-371.81091 (most)-371.91772 (clustering)-372.14661 (algorithm)-0.39673 (s)-372.37549 (place)-372.55859 (the)-372.63489 (actor)-372.78748 (in)]TJ 1 0 0 1 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250.83398 Tm [(communities,)-415.13062 (the)-383.23975 (visualization)-383.56018 (still)-382.59888 (suf)22.30835 (fers)-383.83484 (from)-383.92639 (edge-crossings,)-416.29028 (re-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 240.87099 Tm [(ducing)-398.01025 (its)-398.04077 (readability)62.62207 (.)-751.37329 (Moreo)12.43591 (v)12.43591 (er)37.41455 (,)-435.57739 (decidi)-1.75476 (ng)-399.78027 (where)-398.98682 (to)-399.01733 (place)-399.20044 (an)-399.29199 (actor)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 230.90799 Tm [(shared)-252.01416 (between)-252.19727 (communities)-252.48718 (remains)-252.65503 (a)-252.67029 (challenge.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 220.94598 Tm [(T)77.98767 (o)-220.01648 (impro)12.89368 (v)12.87842 (e)-219.19250 (readability)-220.44373 (and)-219.52820 (solv)12.39014 (e)-220.62683 (ambiguous)-220.90149 (clusteri)-2.05994 (ng,)-228.11890 (we)-220.16907 (propose)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 210.98299 Tm [(using)-344.92493 (actor)-345.10803 (duplications:)-498.38257 (introducing)-345.65735 (ne)22.24731 (w)-345.84045 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(netw)6.77490 (orks')]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 161.16998 Tm [(visual)-245.94116 (comple)12.86316 (xity)-246.21582 (by)-245.28503 (suppressing)-246.56677 (links.)-310.74524 (Ne)22.17102 (v)12.17651 (ertheless,)-248.01636 (it)-247.02454 (alters)-247.19238 (the)-246.21582 (net-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 151.20699 Tm [(w)8.07190 (ork)-346.95435 (structure)-347.18323 (and)-347.29004 (may)-347.38159 (af)22.58301 (fect)-347.56470 (the)-347.65625 (user')52.24609 (s)-347.76306 (percepti)-1.93787 (on)-348.02246 (during)-348.20557 (analysis.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 141.24498 Tm [(This)-302.01721 (article)-301.11694 (discusses)-302.29187 (w)7.61414 (ays)-302.45972 (of)-302.50549 (representing)-301.81885 (duplications)-303.03955 (and,)-315.12451 (through)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 131.28198 Tm [(a)-309.92126 (controlled)-311.11145 (e)12.87842 (xperiment,)-325.39368 (e)12.52747 (xamines)-310.56213 (ho)22.33887 (w)-311.70654 (duplicating)-310.94360 (actors)-312.11853 (af)21.80481 (fects)-311.29456 (so-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 121.31898 Tm [(cial)-251.92261 (netw)7.88879 (orks)-252.19727 (analysis.)]TJ /F1 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.84398 103.45999 Tm [(2)-1051.92566 (R)]TJ /F1 7.17310 Tf 1 0 0 1 212.16599 103.45999 Tm [(E)-73.36426 (L)-72.54028 (A)16.28113 (T)-72.81494 (E)-74.06616 (D)-421.26465 (W)-55.54199 (O)-74.73755 (R)-73.95935 (K)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.61998 90.26900 Tm [(Social)-359.00879 (netw)7.88879 (orks)-358.20007 (describe)-359.43604 (persons)-358.56628 (or)-359.64966 (or)15.30457 (g)2.25830 (anizations)-359.02405 (\(actors\))-360.19897 (and)-359.28345 (their)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 80.30600 Tm [(relationships.)-426.13220 (Examples)-290.39001 (include)-290.55786 (genealogical)-290.84778 (trees,)-299.94202 (disease)-291.12244 (transmis-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 70.34399 Tm [(sion)-330.96313 (and)-331.03943 (communication)-332.41272 (netw)7.47681 (orks.)-549.59106 (In)-332.73315 (this)-331.75659 (paper)37.06360 (,)-351.94397 (we)-332.04651 (concentrate)-332.29065 (on)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 60.38100 Tm [(visual)-308.94470 (analysis)-310.16541 (techniques)-309.46350 (to)-310.47058 (analyze)-309.66187 (social)-310.76050 (net)-1.84631 (w)7.08008 (orks)-311.03516 (\(detailed)-310.19592 (infor)16.61682 (-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 50.41899 Tm [(mation)-252.01416 (on)-252.10571 (statistical)-252.28882 (and)-252.38037 (structural)-252.57874 (methods)-252.83813 (can)-252.92969 (be)-252.96021 (found)-253.08228 (in)-253.12805 ([31]\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 40.45599 Tm [(Exploring)-475.11292 (social)-476.31836 (netw)7.53784 (orks)-475.55542 (in)37.35352 (v)17.34924 (olv)12.26807 (es)-476.74561 (tasks)-475.83008 (at)-475.93689 (se)22.00317 (v)11.99341 (eral)-477.09656 (le)21.85059 (v)11.79504 (els)-476.25732 ([27].)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 30.49300 Tm [(Lo)23.05603 (w-le)22.97974 (v)12.93945 (el)-427.10876 (readability)-427.30713 (tasks)-427.47498 (include:)-662.67395 (nding)-427.87170 (if)-427.93274 (tw)6.98853 (o)-427.01721 (actors)-428.20740 (are)-428.22266 (con-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 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(Duplications)23.63586 (,)-269.34814 (Social)-268.63098 (Netw)19.88220 (or)-4.85229 (ks)25.36011 (.)]TJ ET q 204.48000 0 0 11.52000 208.25999 541.14200 cm /X0 Do Q BT /F1 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 54.22400 521.21700 Tm [(1)-1050.43030 (I)]TJ /F1 7.17310 Tf 1 0 0 1 71.56500 521.21700 Tm [(N)-64.98718 (T)-64.10217 (R)-45.31860 (O)-65.53650 (D)-65.81116 (U)-65.03296 (C)-66.23840 (T)-66.48254 (I)-66.58936 (O)-66.78772 (N)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 54 507.66800 Tm [(Social)-214.46228 (netw)9.30786 (orks)-215.74402 (analysis)-214.98108 (is)-215.05737 (becoming)-215.28625 (increasingly)-216.61377 (popular)-215.83557 (with)-215.94238 (online)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 497.70500 Tm [(communities)-310.63843 (such)-309.76868 (as)-310.88257 (F)14.03809 (aceBook,)-325.19531 (MySpace)-311.49292 (or)-311.50818 (Flickr)38.29956 (,)-325.69885 (where)-311.82861 (users)-311.03516 (log)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 487.74200 Tm [(in,)-268.47839 (e)14.52637 (xchange)-265.67078 (messages)-265.96069 (or)-265.96069 (pictures,)-269.18030 (and)-266.29639 (generally)-266.60156 (interact)-266.78467 (with)-265.91492 (friends)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 477.78000 Tm [(or)-404.41895 (collaborators.)-770.75195 (Man)14.03809 (y)-404.96826 (sociologists)-405.30396 (perform)-404.51050 (statistical)-405.82275 (analyses)-405.02930 (on)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 467.81700 Tm [(these)-275.52795 (netw)9.35364 (orks,)-281.75354 (attempting)-277.06909 (to)-276.09253 (t)-276.16882 (their)-276.32141 (data)-276.42822 (to)-276.47400 (e)13.48877 (xisting)-276.70288 (models)-276.84021 (accord-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 457.85400 Tm [(ing)-344.49768 (to)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 78.60800 457.85400 Tm [(a)-344.52820 (priori)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 110.19301 457.85400 Tm [(h)4.15039 (ypotheses.)-594.07043 (Ho)23.81897 (we)23.72742 (v)13.71765 (er)38.71155 (,)-369.29321 (visual)-345.48950 (analysis)-345.71838 (becomes)-345.93201 (more)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54.00002 447.89200 Tm [(and)-303.52783 (more)-303.63464 (popular)-303.83301 (as)-303.86353 (it)-303.95508 (of)23.98682 (fers)-304.07715 (the)-304.18396 (opportunity)-304.56543 (to)-304.56543 (vie)23.33069 (w)-303.72620 (the)-304.79431 (ra)13.09204 (w)-304.93164 (data)-305.02319 (in)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54.00002 437.92900 Tm [(an)-256.42395 (e)14.46533 (xploratory)-257.73621 (manner)39.04724 (,)-258.95691 (without)-258.17871 (bias)-257.24792 (or)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 195.56601 437.92900 Tm [(a)-257.38525 (priori)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 225.57600 437.92900 Tm [(formed)-257.81250 (analysis)-259.01794 (ques-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 427.96600 Tm [(tions,)-250.53406 (and)-250.64087 (opens)-250.77820 (ne)24.16992 (w)-250.86975 (perspecti)23.92578 (v)13.85498 (es)-251.22070 (for)-251.28174 (pre)23.62061 (viously)-251.60217 (analyzed)-251.81580 (datasets.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 63.96300 417.74400 Tm [(The)-271.53015 (most)-271.72852 (popular)-271.86584 (visual)-272.06421 (representation)-272.38464 (of)-271.49963 (social)-272.59827 (netw)8.19397 (orks)-272.91870 (is)-273.01025 (node-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 407.78200 Tm [(link)-412.47559 (diagrams)-413.68103 (where)-412.87231 (persons)-413.08594 (\(actors\))-413.28430 (are)-414.48975 (represented)-413.71155 (as)-413.81836 (nodes)-413.97095 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 397.81900 Tm [(their)-324.53918 (relationships)-323.79150 (as)-324.89014 (links.)-533.03528 (An)-324.17297 (important)-325.39368 (task)-325.54626 (when)-325.66833 (analyzing)-324.95117 (these)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 387.85600 Tm [(netw)9.53674 (orks)-354.56848 (is)-353.65295 (e)14.26697 (xamining)-354.94995 (communities)-355.31616 ()-354.35486 (i.e.)-622.46704 (groups)-355.66711 (of)-355.74341 (actors)-354.93469 (tightly)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 377.89400 Tm [(connected)-285.55298 (to)-284.66797 (each)-285.75134 (other)-285.94971 ()-285.06470 (to)-286.13281 (understand)-285.40039 (their)-286.49902 (relationship)-286.81946 (and)-285.93445 (roles.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 367.93100 Tm [(F)14.63318 (or)-264.41956 (e)14.48059 (xample,)-268.70728 (communities)-264.98413 (clearly)-265.25879 (emer)16.69312 (ge)-265.39612 (when)-265.50293 (visualizing)-265.89966 (the)-265.93018 (coau-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 357.96800 Tm [(thorship)-388.58032 (netw)9.32312 (ork)-388.83972 (of)-389.86206 (a)-388.87024 (conference,)-424.17908 (where)-389.45007 (nodes)-389.60266 (are)-389.69421 (researchers)-389.99939 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 348.00600 Tm [(links)-298.53821 (represent)-298.67554 (articles)-298.87390 (co-signed)-299.17908 (by)-300.27771 (other)-299.43848 (researchers.)-455.71899 (Dif)23.10181 (ferent)-300.01831 (pat-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 338.04300 Tm [(terns)-366.47034 (are)-366.62292 (visible,)-395.78247 (such)-366.95862 (as)-367.00439 (student-advisor)-367.40112 (relations)-0.62561 (hips)-367.76733 (or)-367.82837 (laboratory)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 328.08000 Tm [(collaboration)-285.75134 (relationships.)-417.00745 (Studying)-286.33118 (these)-287.49084 (communities)-286.75842 (and)-286.88049 (patterns)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 318.11800 Tm [(helps)-296.53931 (us)-297.57690 (understand)-296.87500 (for)-296.99707 (e)14.02283 (xample)-297.19543 (who)-298.29407 (are)-297.37854 (the)-297.50061 (most)-297.60742 (connected/prolic)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 308.15500 Tm [(authors)-304.56543 (and)-303.68042 (the)-304.74854 (boundary)-305.05371 (of)-304.10767 (their)-305.22156 (communities.)-472.51892 (When)-305.70984 (such)-304.91638 (commu-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 298.19299 Tm [(nities)-330.53589 (are)-329.55933 (identied)-330.88684 (\(for)-329.95605 (e)13.94653 (xample)-331.17676 (by)-331.28357 (clustering)-330.58167 (algorithms\),)-351.85242 (the)13.04626 (y)-330.97839 (can)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 288.23000 Tm [(be)-284.45435 (grouped)-284.63745 (visually)-284.88159 (and)-285.98022 (structurall)-0.27466 (y)-286.28540 (in)-285.38513 (a)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 202.82401 288.23000 Tm [(cluster)35.40039 (ed)-285.64453 (gr)13.29041 (aph)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 261.74400 288.23000 Tm [(\(Figure)-286.02600 (1a\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 278.26700 Tm [(This)-250.48828 (community)-250.82397 (representation)-251.17493 (suf)23.71216 (fers)-251.31226 (from)-251.40381 (tw)8.48389 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(b)18.93616 (ut)-444.10706 (increasing)-443.38989 (link)-444.48853 (crossings)-444.79370 (when)-443.90869 (se)22.99500 (v)12.98523 (eral)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 207.49001 Tm [(nodes)-346.64917 (belong)-345.84045 (to)-346.87805 (se)23.94104 (v)13.94653 (eral)-347.07642 (communities;)-394.48547 (and)-347.61047 (3\))-347.62573 (in)-346.71021 (fe)23.22388 (w)-347.88513 (clustering)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 197.52800 Tm [(algorithms,)-234.84802 (communities)-230.07202 (that)-231.18591 (share)-230.37720 (actors)-231.49109 (are)-230.68237 (visualized)-231.91833 (as)-230.97229 (o)13.00049 (v)12.95471 (er)17.91382 (-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 187.56500 Tm [(lapping)-354.73633 (clusters,)-380.93567 (increasing)-355.17883 (the)-356.29272 (visual)-355.48401 (comple)13.30566 (xity)-355.78918 (of)-355.81970 (the)-355.92651 (graph)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 177.60201 Tm [(by)-318.63403 (introducing)-318.86292 (node)-317.99316 (o)13.93127 (v)13.93127 (erlap)-319.25964 (and)-319.36646 (link)-319.47327 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190.61998 270.75899 Tm [(trix,)-371.27686 (node)-347.38159 (o)12.54272 (v)12.52747 (erlapping)-347.77832 (is)-347.79358 (suppressed)-348.11401 (and)-347.21375 (intra-)-348.32764 (and)-348.43445 (inter)16.37268 (-community)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 260.79599 Tm [(edge)-301.34583 (crossing)-302.45972 (is)-301.55945 (reduced.)-460.78491 (Ho)22.10999 (we)22.01843 (v)12.00867 (er)36.91101 (,)-315.09399 (when)-302.29187 (se)21.66748 (v)11.67297 (eral)-303.46680 (actors)-302.62756 (connect)-302.82593 (tw)6.07300 (o)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 250.83398 Tm [(communities,)-415.48157 (the)-383.60596 (visualization)-383.98743 (still)-383.02612 (suf)21.86584 (fers)-384.30786 (from)-384.41467 (edge-crossings,)-416.83960 (re-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 240.87099 Tm [(ducing)-398.34595 (its)-398.37646 (readability)62.22534 (.)-751.77002 (Moreo)12.00867 (v)12.00867 (er)36.98730 (,)-436.00464 (decidi)-2.21252 (ng)-400.23804 (where)-399.49036 (to)-399.52087 (place)-399.73450 (an)-399.84131 (actor)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 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(the)-265.93018 (coau-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 357.96800 Tm [(thorship)-388.58032 (netw)9.32312 (ork)-388.83972 (of)-389.86206 (a)-388.87024 (conference,)-424.17908 (where)-389.45007 (nodes)-389.60266 (are)-389.69421 (researchers)-389.99939 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 348.00600 Tm [(links)-298.53821 (represent)-298.67554 (articles)-298.87390 (co-signed)-299.17908 (by)-300.27771 (other)-299.43848 (researchers.)-455.71899 (Dif)23.10181 (ferent)-300.01831 (pat-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 338.04300 Tm [(terns)-366.47034 (are)-366.62292 (visible,)-395.78247 (such)-366.95862 (as)-367.00439 (student-advisor)-367.40112 (relations)-0.62561 (hips)-367.76733 (or)-367.82837 (laboratory)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 328.08000 Tm [(collaboration)-285.75134 (relationships.)-417.00745 (Studying)-286.33118 (these)-287.49084 (communities)-286.75842 (and)-286.88049 (patterns)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 318.11800 Tm [(helps)-296.53931 (us)-297.57690 (understand)-296.87500 (for)-296.99707 (e)14.02283 (xample)-297.19543 (who)-298.29407 (are)-297.37854 (the)-297.50061 (most)-297.60742 (connected/prolic)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 308.15500 Tm [(authors)-304.56543 (and)-303.68042 (the)-304.74854 (boundary)-305.05371 (of)-304.10767 (their)-305.22156 (communities.)-472.51892 (When)-305.70984 (such)-304.91638 (commu-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 298.19299 Tm [(nities)-330.53589 (are)-329.55933 (identied)-330.88684 (\(for)-329.95605 (e)13.94653 (xample)-331.17676 (by)-331.28357 (clustering)-330.58167 (algorithms\),)-351.85242 (the)13.04626 (y)-330.97839 (can)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 288.23000 Tm [(be)-284.45435 (grouped)-284.63745 (visually)-284.88159 (and)-285.98022 (structurall)-0.27466 (y)-286.28540 (in)-285.38513 (a)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 202.82401 288.23000 Tm [(cluster)35.40039 (ed)-285.64453 (gr)13.29041 (aph)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 261.74400 288.23000 Tm [(\(Figure)-286.02600 (1a\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 278.26700 Tm [(This)-250.48828 (community)-250.82397 (representation)-251.17493 (suf)23.71216 (fers)-251.31226 (from)-251.40381 (tw)8.48389 (o)-251.55640 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(ut)-444.10706 (increasing)-443.38989 (link)-444.48853 (crossings)-444.79370 (when)-443.90869 (se)22.99500 (v)12.98523 (eral)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 207.49001 Tm [(nodes)-346.64917 (belong)-345.84045 (to)-346.87805 (se)23.94104 (v)13.94653 (eral)-347.07642 (communities;)-394.48547 (and)-347.61047 (3\))-347.62573 (in)-346.71021 (fe)23.22388 (w)-347.88513 (clustering)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 197.52800 Tm [(algorithms,)-234.84802 (communities)-230.07202 (that)-231.18591 (share)-230.37720 (actors)-231.49109 (are)-230.68237 (visualized)-231.91833 (as)-230.97229 (o)13.00049 (v)12.95471 (er)17.91382 (-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 187.56500 Tm [(lapping)-354.73633 (clusters,)-380.93567 (increasing)-355.17883 (the)-356.29272 (visual)-355.48401 (comple)13.30566 (xity)-355.78918 (of)-355.81970 (the)-355.92651 (graph)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 177.60201 Tm [(by)-318.63403 (introducing)-318.86292 (node)-317.99316 (o)13.93127 (v)13.93127 (erlap)-319.25964 (and)-319.36646 (link)-319.47327 (crossings)-319.68689 (due)-319.80896 (to)-318.87817 (the)-319.97681 (tight)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 167.64000 Tm [(space)-301.63574 (packing.)-463.86719 (V)59.05151 (isualizing)-302.24609 (the)-302.32239 (o)13.61084 (v)13.64136 (erlapping)-302.59705 (nodes)-302.76489 (is)-302.81067 (dif)23.11707 (cult)-303.02429 (or)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 157.67700 Tm [(e)24.47510 (v)14.37378 (en)-250.64087 (impossible)-250.94604 (when)-251.06812 (the)-251.14441 (number)-251.38855 (of)-251.44958 (intersections)-251.75476 (increases.)]TJ ET 0.39799 w 1 0 0 1 126 148.52100 cm 0 0 m 112.67000 0 l S BT /F5 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -69.01100 -18.80099 Tm 1 w ()Tj /F3 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -59.79601 -18.80099 Tm [(Nathalie)-247.43652 (Henry)-246.79565 (is)-246.58203 (with)-246.15479 (INRIA-LRI)-245.08667 (and)-244.68994 (Univ)79.75769 (.)-304.22974 (of)-243.94226 (Sydne)36.62109 (y)61.72180 (,)-243.27087 (E-mail:)]TJ 1 0 0 1 -60.04500 -28.26500 Tm [(nathalie)17.56287 (.henry@lri.fr)114.73083 (.)]TJ /F5 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -69.01100 -37.98900 Tm ()Tj /F3 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -59.79601 -37.98900 Tm [(Anastasia)-247.32971 (Bezerianos)-246.26160 (is)-246.04797 (with)-245.62073 (NICT)54.97742 (A,)-244.87305 (E-mail:)-304.13818 (a.bezerianos@nicta.com.au.)]TJ /F5 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -69.01100 -47.71300 Tm ()Tj /F3 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -59.79601 -47.71300 Tm [(J)26.91650 (ean-Daniel)-247.10083 (F)78.09448 (ek)13.30566 (ete)-246.47522 (is)-246.26160 (with)-245.83435 (INRIA,)-245.19348 (E-mail:)-304.36707 (jean-daniel.fek)16.98303 (ete@inria.fr)119.01855 (.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 -72 -61.16299 Tm [(Manuscript)-247.45178 (r)39.67285 (eceived)-246.68884 (31)-246.38367 (Mar)41.06140 (c)19.10400 (h)-245.80383 (2008;)-245.20874 (accepted)-244.35425 (1)-244.14063 (A)25.98572 (ugust)-243.49976 (2008;)-242.95044 (posted)-242.30957 (online)]TJ 1 0 0 1 -72 -80.09200 Tm [(F)106.68945 (or)-248.18420 (information)-247.08557 (on)-246.84143 (obtaining)-245.88013 (r)41.27502 (eprints)-245.19348 (of)-244.93408 (this)-244.56787 (article)16.08276 (,)-243.86597 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190.61998 270.75899 Tm [(trix,)-371.27686 (node)-347.38159 (o)12.54272 (v)12.52747 (erlapping)-347.77832 (is)-347.79358 (suppressed)-348.11401 (and)-347.21375 (intra-)-348.32764 (and)-348.43445 (inter)16.37268 (-community)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 260.79599 Tm [(edge)-301.34583 (crossing)-302.45972 (is)-301.55945 (reduced.)-460.78491 (Ho)22.10999 (we)22.01843 (v)12.00867 (er)36.91101 (,)-315.09399 (when)-302.29187 (se)21.66748 (v)11.67297 (eral)-303.46680 (actors)-302.62756 (connect)-302.82593 (tw)6.07300 (o)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 250.83398 Tm [(communities,)-415.48157 (the)-383.60596 (visualization)-383.98743 (still)-383.02612 (suf)21.86584 (fers)-384.30786 (from)-384.41467 (edge-crossings,)-416.83960 (re-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 240.87099 Tm [(ducing)-398.34595 (its)-398.37646 (readability)62.22534 (.)-751.77002 (Moreo)12.00867 (v)12.00867 (er)36.98730 (,)-436.00464 (decidi)-2.21252 (ng)-400.23804 (where)-399.49036 (to)-399.52087 (place)-399.73450 (an)-399.84131 (actor)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 230.90799 Tm [(shared)-252.34985 (between)-252.56348 (communities)-252.89917 (remains)-253.09753 (a)-253.11279 (challenge.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 220.94598 Tm [(T)77.65198 (o)-220.35217 (impro)12.54272 (v)12.52747 (e)-219.55872 (readability)-220.85571 (and)-219.95544 (solv)11.96289 (e)-221.06934 (ambiguous)-221.38977 (clusteri)-2.57874 (ng,)-228.63770 (we)-220.70313 (propose)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 210.98299 Tm [(using)-345.24536 (actor)-345.45898 (duplications:)-498.77930 (introducing)-346.11511 (ne)21.78955 (w)-346.31348 (nodes)-346.45081 (to)-346.45081 (represent)-346.74072 (aliases)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 201.02098 Tm [(of)-384.24683 (actors.)-707.36694 (W)77.52991 (e)-383.56018 (implement)-384.79614 (this)-384.97925 (idea)-384.09424 (in)-385.19287 (NodeT)31.67725 (rix.)-708.41980 (Figure)-385.65063 (1)-385.66589 (sho)21.14868 (ws)-384.85718 (a)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 191.05798 Tm [(NodeT)32.63855 (rix)-373.45886 (representation)-374.78638 (before)-373.99292 (\(b\))-374.08447 (and)-375.19836 (after)-374.31335 (\(c\))-374.42017 (duplication.)-677.73438 (Actor)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 181.09499 Tm [(duplication)-382.46155 (pro)12.42065 (vides)-381.69861 (e)12.22229 (xibility)-382.98035 (by)-383.08716 (allo)21.78955 (wing)-382.30896 (clustering)-383.60596 (of)-383.63647 (shared)-382.79724 (ac-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 171.13298 Tm [(tors)-235.24475 (in)-234.34448 (multiple)-235.56519 (communities)-234.92432 (\(Figure)-236.11450 (2\))-236.19080 (and)-235.29053 (may)-236.40442 (reduce)-236.55701 (the)-235.65674 (netw)6.24084 (orks')]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 161.16998 Tm [(visual)-246.26160 (comple)12.51221 (xity)-246.58203 (by)-245.66650 (suppressing)-246.99402 (links.)-311.20300 (Ne)21.69800 (v)11.70349 (ertheless,)-248.51990 (it)-247.52808 (alters)-247.72644 (the)-246.74988 (net-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 151.20699 Tm [(w)7.75146 (ork)-347.27478 (structure)-347.54944 (and)-347.67151 (may)-347.77832 (af)22.17102 (fect)-347.99194 (the)-348.09875 (user')51.78833 (s)-348.22083 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(or)-360.09216 (or)14.84680 (g)1.80054 (anizations)-359.52759 (\(actors\))-360.73303 (and)-359.83276 (their)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 80.30600 Tm [(relationships.)-426.48315 (Examples)-290.78674 (include)-290.98511 (genealogical)-291.32080 (trees,)-300.43030 (disease)-291.64124 (transmis-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 70.34399 Tm [(sion)-331.28357 (and)-331.37512 (communication)-332.80945 (netw)7.06482 (orks.)-550.01831 (In)-333.19092 (this)-332.21436 (paper)36.57532 (,)-352.43225 (we)-332.55005 (concentrate)-332.83997 (on)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 60.38100 Tm [(visual)-309.28040 (analysis)-310.51636 (techniques)-309.87549 (to)-310.88257 (analyze)-310.10437 (social)-311.21826 (net)-2.31934 (w)6.59180 (orks)-311.53870 (\(detailed)-310.72998 (infor)16.05225 (-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 50.41899 Tm [(mation)-252.34985 (on)-252.45667 (statistical)-252.67029 (and)-252.77710 (structural)-253.00598 (methods)-253.31116 (can)-253.41797 (be)-253.46375 (found)-253.60107 (in)-253.64685 ([31]\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 40.45599 Tm [(Exploring)-475.46387 (social)-476.69983 (netw)7.12585 (orks)-475.98267 (in)36.91101 (v)16.90674 (olv)11.81030 (es)-477.20337 (tasks)-476.30310 (at)-476.42517 (se)21.49963 (v)11.48987 (eral)-477.61536 (le)21.33179 (v)11.26099 (els)-476.79138 ([27].)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 30.49300 Tm [(Lo)22.73560 (w-le)22.64404 (v)12.58850 (el)-427.45972 (readability)-427.68860 (tasks)-427.88696 (include:)-663.11646 (nding)-428.34473 (if)-428.42102 (tw)6.48499 (o)-427.52075 (actors)-428.74146 (are)-428.75671 (con-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 20.53099 Tm [(nected,)-362.35046 (ho)22.55249 (w)-340.51514 (man)12.32910 (y)-341.65955 (actors)-340.86609 (lie)-340.89661 (between)-341.15601 (them,)-364.30359 (or)-341.32385 (if)-341.41541 (the)11.47461 (y)-341.58325 (are)-341.62903 (connected)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 10.56799 Tm [(to)-349.24316 (the)-350.35706 (same)-349.47205 (set)-349.57886 (of)-349.60938 (actors.)-604.82788 (High-le)21.89636 (v)11.90186 (el)-350.17395 (tasks)-351.30310 ([31])-350.41809 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[(their)-324.61548 (relationships)-323.89832 (as)-325.02747 (links.)-533.18787 (An)-324.32556 (important)-325.59204 (task)-325.75989 (when)-325.91248 (analyzing)-325.22583 (these)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 387.85600 Tm [(netw)9.47571 (orks)-354.64478 (is)-353.74451 (e)14.16016 (xamining)-355.08728 (communities)-355.49927 ()-354.53796 (i.e.)-622.66541 (groups)-355.89600 (of)-356.00281 (actors)-355.20935 (tightly)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 377.89400 Tm [(connected)-285.62927 (to)-284.75952 (each)-285.85815 (other)-286.08704 ()-285.21729 (to)-286.30066 (understand)-285.59875 (their)-286.71265 (relationship)-287.07886 (and)-286.20911 (roles.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 367.93100 Tm [(F)14.57214 (or)-264.48059 (e)14.40430 (xample,)-268.81409 (communities)-265.12146 (clearly)-265.44189 (emer)16.51001 (ge)-265.59448 (when)-265.71655 (visualizing)-266.17432 (the)-266.22009 (coau-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 357.96800 Tm [(thorship)-388.65662 (netw)9.23157 (ork)-388.96179 (of)-389.99939 (a)-389.00757 (conference,)-424.34692 (where)-389.64844 (nodes)-389.83154 (are)-389.93835 (researchers)-390.27405 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 348.00600 Tm [(links)-298.61450 (represent)-298.76709 (articles)-298.99597 (co-signed)-299.34692 (by)-300.46082 (other)-299.63684 (researchers.)-455.96313 (Dif)22.82715 (ferent)-300.30823 (pat-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 338.04300 Tm [(terns)-366.53137 (are)-366.71448 (visible,)-395.88928 (such)-367.09595 (as)-367.14172 (student-advisor)-367.59949 (relations)-0.85449 (hips)-368.02673 (or)-368.08777 (laboratory)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 328.08000 Tm [(collaboration)-285.85815 (relationships.)-417.14478 (Studying)-286.51428 (these)-287.70447 (communities)-287.00256 (and)-287.13989 (patterns)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 318.11800 Tm [(helps)-296.61560 (us)-297.66846 (understand)-297.01233 (for)-297.13440 (e)13.88550 (xample)-297.36328 (who)-298.47717 (are)-297.57690 (the)-297.71423 (most)-297.83630 (connected/prolic)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 308.15500 Tm [(authors)-304.65698 (and)-303.77197 (the)-304.85535 (boundary)-305.20630 (of)-304.26025 (their)-305.40466 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(to)-347.00012 (se)23.78845 (v)13.79395 (eral)-347.22900 (communities;)-394.69910 (and)-347.83936 (3\))-347.85461 (in)-346.95435 (fe)22.96448 (w)-348.15979 (clustering)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 197.52800 Tm [(algorithms,)-234.97009 (communities)-230.22461 (that)-231.35376 (share)-230.57556 (actors)-231.70471 (are)-230.91125 (visualized)-232.19299 (as)-231.26221 (o)12.71057 (v)12.64954 (er)17.62390 (-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 187.56500 Tm [(lapping)-354.84314 (clusters,)-381.05774 (increasing)-355.34668 (the)-356.47583 (visual)-355.69763 (comple)13.06152 (xity)-356.04858 (of)-356.07910 (the)-356.20117 (graph)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 177.60201 Tm [(by)-318.72559 (introducing)-318.98499 (node)-318.13049 (o)13.77869 (v)13.77869 (erlap)-319.44275 (and)-319.56482 (link)-319.68689 (crossings)-319.93103 (due)-320.06836 (to)-319.15283 (the)-320.25146 (tight)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 167.64000 Tm [(space)-301.72729 (packing.)-463.98926 (V)58.91418 (isualizing)-302.41394 (the)-302.50549 (o)13.42773 (v)13.45825 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7.17310 Tf 1 0 0 1 71.56500 521.21700 Tm [(N)-65.84167 (T)-64.98718 (R)-46.26465 (O)-66.54358 (D)-66.90979 (U)-66.19263 (C)-67.45911 (T)-67.76428 (I)-67.90161 (O)-68.16101 (N)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 54 507.66800 Tm [(Social)-214.61487 (netw)9.10950 (orks)-215.98816 (analysis)-215.27100 (is)-215.36255 (becoming)-215.65247 (increasingly)-217.07153 (popular)-216.35437 (with)-216.49170 (online)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 497.70500 Tm [(communities)-310.82153 (such)-310.01282 (as)-311.12671 (F)13.76343 (aceBook,)-325.54626 (MySpace)-311.90491 (or)-311.93542 (Flickr)37.81128 (,)-326.18713 (where)-312.34741 (users)-311.61499 (log)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 487.74200 Tm [(in,)-268.60046 (e)14.40430 (xchange)-265.85388 (messages)-266.23535 (or)-266.23535 (pictures,)-269.51599 (and)-266.66260 (generally)-267.05933 (interact)-267.30347 (with)-266.46423 (friends)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 477.78000 Tm [(or)-404.54102 (collaborators.)-770.98083 (Man)13.76343 (y)-405.24292 (sociologists)-405.67017 (perform)-404.93774 (statistical)-406.34155 (analyses)-405.60913 (on)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 467.81700 Tm [(these)-275.68054 (netw)9.17053 (orks,)-281.96716 (attempting)-277.37427 (to)-276.39771 (t)-276.50452 (their)-276.70288 (data)-276.84021 (to)-276.90125 (e)13.04626 (xisting)-277.19116 (models)-277.37427 (accord-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 457.85400 Tm [(ing)-344.61975 (to)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 78.60800 457.85400 Tm [(a)-344.68079 (priori)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 110.19301 457.85400 Tm [(h)3.90625 (ypotheses.)-594.37561 (Ho)23.48328 (we)23.36121 (v)13.35144 (er)38.34534 (,)-369.65942 (visual)-345.91675 (analysis)-346.20667 (becomes)-346.48132 (more)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54.00002 447.89200 Tm [(and)-303.68042 (more)-303.81775 (popular)-304.07715 (as)-304.10767 (it)-304.22974 (of)23.68164 (fers)-304.38232 (the)-304.51965 (opportunity)-305.00793 (to)-305.02319 (vie)22.84241 (w)-304.21448 (the)-305.29785 (ra)12.54272 (w)-305.48096 (data)-305.60303 (in)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54.00002 437.92900 Tm [(an)-256.54602 (e)14.31274 (xploratory)-257.93457 (manner)38.77258 (,)-259.23157 (without)-258.51440 (bias)-257.59888 (or)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 195.56601 437.92900 Tm [(a)-257.78198 (priori)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 225.57600 437.92900 Tm [(formed)-258.33130 (analysis)-259.59778 (ques-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 427.96600 Tm [(tions,)-250.68665 (and)-250.82397 (opens)-251.00708 (ne)23.94104 (w)-251.11389 (perspecti)23.62061 (v)13.53455 (es)-251.57166 (for)-251.64795 (pre)23.22388 (viously)-252.05994 (analyzed)-252.33459 (datasets.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 63.96300 417.74400 Tm [(The)-271.68274 (most)-271.94214 (popular)-272.10999 (visual)-272.36938 (representation)-272.78137 (of)-271.92688 (social)-273.05603 (netw)7.67517 (orks)-273.46802 (is)-273.59009 (node-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 407.78200 Tm [(link)-412.61292 (diagrams)-413.87939 (where)-413.11646 (persons)-413.39111 (\(actors\))-413.65051 (are)-414.91699 (represented)-414.19983 (as)-414.35242 (nodes)-414.53552 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 397.81900 Tm [(their)-324.69177 (relationships)-324.00513 (as)-325.14954 (links.)-533.32520 (An)-324.47815 (important)-325.79041 (task)-325.97351 (when)-326.15662 (analyzing)-325.50049 (these)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 387.85600 Tm [(netw)9.41467 (orks)-354.72107 (is)-353.83606 (e)14.05334 (xamining)-355.22461 (communities)-355.68237 ()-354.72107 (i.e.)-622.86377 (groups)-356.12488 (of)-356.26221 (actors)-355.48401 (tightly)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 377.89400 Tm [(connected)-285.70557 (to)-284.86633 (each)-285.96497 (other)-286.22437 ()-285.36987 (to)-286.46851 (understand)-285.79712 (their)-286.92627 (relationship)-287.33826 (and)-286.48376 (roles.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 367.93100 Tm [(F)14.51111 (or)-264.54163 (e)14.32800 (xample,)-268.90564 (communities)-265.27405 (clearly)-265.60974 (emer)16.31165 (ge)-265.79285 (when)-265.93018 (visualizing)-266.44897 (the)-266.49475 (coau-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 357.96800 Tm [(thorship)-388.73291 (netw)9.14001 (ork)-389.08386 (of)-390.12146 (a)-389.12964 (conference,)-424.51477 (where)-389.86206 (nodes)-390.06042 (are)-390.18250 (researchers)-390.54871 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 348.00600 Tm [(links)-298.69080 (represent)-298.85864 (articles)-299.11804 (co-signed)-299.51477 (by)-300.64392 (other)-299.85046 (researchers.)-456.20728 (Dif)22.55249 (ferent)-300.59814 (pat-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 338.04300 Tm [(terns)-366.59241 (are)-366.80603 (visible,)-395.99609 (such)-367.23328 (as)-367.29431 (student-advisor)-367.81311 (relations)-1.08337 (hips)-368.27087 (or)-368.34717 (laboratory)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 328.08000 Tm [(collaboration)-285.96497 (relationships.)-417.28210 (Studying)-286.71265 (these)-287.91809 (communities)-287.26196 (and)-287.41455 (patterns)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 318.11800 Tm [(helps)-296.69189 (us)-297.74475 (understand)-297.13440 (for)-297.27173 (e)13.74817 (xample)-297.53113 (who)-298.66028 (are)-297.77527 (the)-297.92786 (most)-298.06519 (connected/prolic)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 308.15500 Tm [(authors)-304.73328 (and)-303.86353 (the)-304.96216 (boundary)-305.35889 (of)-304.41284 (their)-305.58777 (communities.)-472.94617 (When)-306.19812 (such)-305.46570 (commu-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 298.19299 Tm [(nities)-330.68848 (are)-329.72717 (identied)-331.14624 (\(for)-330.23071 (e)13.64136 (xample)-331.51245 (by)-331.64978 (clustering)-331.02417 (algorithms\),)-352.38647 (the)12.48169 (y)-331.54297 (can)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 288.23000 Tm [(be)-284.60693 (grouped)-284.82056 (visually)-285.14099 (and)-286.27014 (structurall)-0.64087 (y)-286.65161 (in)-285.76660 (a)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 202.82401 288.23000 Tm [(cluster)34.94263 (ed)-286.11755 (gr)12.80212 (aph)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 261.74400 288.23000 Tm [(\(Figure)-286.60583 (1a\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 278.26700 Tm [(This)-250.61035 (community)-251.05286 (representation)-251.51062 (suf)23.34595 (fers)-251.67847 (from)-251.80054 (tw)8.04138 (o)-251.99890 (problems:)]TJ /F4 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 54 257.30400 Tm [(Clustering)-250.90027 (ambiguity:)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 143.41701 257.30400 Tm [(When)-344.51294 (an)-344.51294 (actor)-344.77234 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(erlapping)-303.05481 (nodes)-303.26843 (is)-303.32947 (dif)22.56775 (cult)-303.60413 (or)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 157.67700 Tm [(e)24.32251 (v)14.19067 (en)-250.82397 (impossible)-251.22070 (when)-251.37329 (the)-251.48010 (number)-251.78528 (of)-251.86157 (intersections)-252.24304 (increases.)]TJ ET 0.39799 w 1 0 0 1 126 148.52100 cm 0 0 m 112.67000 0 l S BT /F5 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -69.01100 -18.80099 Tm 1 w ()Tj /F3 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -59.79601 -18.80099 Tm [(Nathalie)-246.70410 (Henry)-245.88013 (is)-245.60547 (with)-245.05615 (INRIA-LRI)-243.68286 (and)-243.19458 (Univ)81.40564 (.)-302.58179 (of)-242.20276 (Sydne)38.51318 (y)63.64441 (,)-241.34827 (E-mail:)]TJ 1 0 0 1 -60.04500 -28.26500 Tm [(nathalie)18.29529 (.henry@lri.fr)115.79895 (.)]TJ /F5 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -69.01100 -37.98900 Tm ()Tj /F3 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -59.79601 -37.98900 Tm [(Anastasia)-246.56677 (Bezerianos)-245.19348 (is)-244.91882 (with)-244.36951 (NICT)56.41174 (A,)-243.40820 (E-mail:)-302.45972 (a.bezerianos@nicta.com.au.)]TJ /F5 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -69.01100 -47.71300 Tm ()Tj /F3 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -59.79601 -47.71300 Tm [(J)27.46582 (ean-Daniel)-246.27686 (F)78.97949 (ek)14.25171 (ete)-245.46814 (is)-245.16296 (with)-244.64417 (INRIA,)-243.78967 (E-mail:)-302.78015 (jean-daniel.fek)18.99719 (ete@inria.fr)121.33789 (.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 -72 -61.16299 Tm [(Manuscript)-246.71936 (r)40.43579 (eceived)-245.74280 (31)-245.36133 (Mar)42.22107 (c)20.26367 (h)-244.61365 (2008;)-243.83545 (accepted)-242.73682 (1)-242.47742 (A)27.69470 (ugust)-241.63818 (2008;)-240.96680 (posted)-240.11230 (online)]TJ 1 0 0 1 -72 -80.09200 Tm [(F)107.16248 (or)-247.66541 (information)-246.26160 (on)-245.95642 (obtaining)-244.72046 (r)42.49573 (eprints)-243.82019 (of)-243.48450 (this)-243.01147 (article)17.82227 (,)-242.11121 (please)-241.34827 (send)-240.70740 (e-mail)-239.94446 (to:)]TJ 1 0 0 1 -72 -89.55600 Tm [(tvcg@computer)114.77661 (.or)40.98511 (g)19.11926 (.)]TJ /F4 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.62000 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250.83398 Tm [(communities,)-416.19873 (the)-384.35364 (visualization)-384.84192 (still)-383.89587 (suf)20.96558 (fers)-385.25391 (from)-385.39124 (edge-crossings,)-417.92297 (re-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 240.87099 Tm [(ducing)-399.01733 (its)-399.06311 (readability)61.43188 (.)-752.56348 (Moreo)11.15417 (v)11.15417 (er)36.13281 (,)-436.85913 (decidi)-3.12805 (ng)-401.15356 (where)-400.49744 (to)-400.52795 (place)-400.80261 (an)-400.93994 (actor)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 230.90799 Tm [(shared)-253.02124 (between)-253.29590 (communities)-253.72314 (remains)-253.98254 (a)-253.99780 (challenge.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 220.94598 Tm [(T)76.98059 (o)-221.02356 (impro)11.84082 (v)11.82556 (e)-220.29114 (readability)-221.67969 (and)-220.80994 (solv)11.10840 (e)-221.95435 (ambiguous)-222.35107 (clusteri)-3.60107 (ng,)-229.67529 (we)-221.75598 (propose)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 210.98299 Tm [(using)-345.90149 (actor)-346.16089 (duplications:)-499.60327 (introducing)-347.00012 (ne)20.87402 (w)-347.24426 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(netw)5.17273 (orks')]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 161.16998 Tm [(visual)-246.90247 (comple)11.79504 (xity)-247.32971 (by)-246.44470 (suppressing)-247.86377 (links.)-312.11853 (Ne)20.75195 (v)10.75745 (ertheless,)-249.54224 (it)-248.55042 (alters)-248.79456 (the)-247.83325 (net-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 151.20699 Tm [(w)7.11060 (ork)-347.91565 (structure)-348.28186 (and)-348.43445 (may)-348.57178 (af)21.34705 (fect)-348.84644 (the)-348.98376 (user')50.87280 (s)-349.15161 (percepti)-3.40271 (on)-349.53308 (during)-349.80774 (analysis.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 141.24498 Tm [(This)-303.02429 (article)-302.16980 (discusses)-303.45154 (w)6.42395 (ays)-303.69568 (of)-303.74146 (representing)-303.23792 (duplications)-304.55017 (and,)-316.69617 (through)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 131.28198 Tm [(a)-310.88257 (controlled)-312.16431 (e)11.82556 (xperiment,)-326.58386 (e)11.29150 (xamines)-311.84387 (ho)21.01135 (w)-313.06458 (duplicating)-312.40845 (actors)-313.67493 (af)20.20264 (fects)-312.94250 (so-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 121.31898 Tm [(cial)-252.88391 (netw)6.83594 (orks)-253.29590 (analysis.)]TJ /F1 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.84398 103.45999 Tm [(2)-1052.88696 (R)]TJ /F1 7.17310 Tf 1 0 0 1 212.16599 103.45999 Tm [(E)-79.04053 (L)-78.30811 (A)10.42175 (T)-78.73535 (E)-80.09338 (D)-427.39868 (W)-61.81335 (O)-81.10046 (R)-80.42908 (K)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.61998 90.26900 Tm [(Social)-360.01587 (netw)6.83594 (orks)-359.29871 (describe)-360.64148 (persons)-359.84802 (or)-360.97717 (or)13.96179 (g)0.88501 (anizations)-360.53467 (\(actors\))-361.78589 (and)-360.93140 (their)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 80.30600 Tm [(relationships.)-427.18506 (Examples)-291.58020 (include)-291.83960 (genealogical)-292.26685 (trees,)-301.40686 (disease)-292.67883 (transmis-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 70.34399 Tm [(sion)-331.93970 (and)-332.06177 (communication)-333.60291 (netw)6.24084 (orks.)-550.88806 (In)-334.10645 (this)-333.12988 (paper)35.58350 (,)-353.42407 (we)-333.57239 (concentrate)-333.93860 (on)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 60.38100 Tm [(visual)-309.92126 (analysis)-311.24878 (techniques)-310.69946 (to)-311.70654 (analyze)-310.98938 (social)-312.13379 (net)-3.26538 (w)5.61523 (orks)-312.54578 (\(detailed)-311.79810 (infor)14.92310 (-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 50.41899 Tm [(mation)-253.02124 (on)-253.15857 (statistical)-253.43323 (and)-253.57056 (structural)-253.86047 (methods)-254.25720 (can)-254.39453 (be)-254.44031 (found)-254.60815 (in)-254.68445 ([31]\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 40.45599 Tm [(Exploring)-476.16577 (social)-477.49329 (netw)6.30188 (orks)-476.83716 (in)36.02600 (v)16.02173 (olv)10.89478 (es)-478.11890 (tasks)-477.24915 (at)-477.40173 (se)20.52307 (v)10.51331 (eral)-478.65295 (le)20.26367 (v)10.19287 (els)-477.87476 ([27].)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 30.49300 Tm [(Lo)22.09473 (w-le)21.97266 (v)11.88660 (el)-428.16162 (readability)-428.45154 (tasks)-428.71094 (include:)-664.00146 (nding)-429.30603 (if)-429.39758 (tw)5.47791 (o)-428.52783 (actors)-429.79431 (are)-429.82483 (con-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 20.53099 Tm [(nected,)-363.02185 (ho)21.85059 (w)-341.23230 (man)11.56616 (y)-342.42249 (actors)-341.69006 (lie)-341.72058 (between)-342.05627 (them,)-365.24963 (or)-342.26990 (if)-342.40723 (the)10.45227 (y)-342.62085 (are)-342.66663 (connected)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 10.56799 Tm [(to)-349.88403 (the)-351.02844 (same)-350.18921 (set)-350.31128 (of)-350.34180 (actors.)-605.62134 (High-le)21.01135 (v)11.01685 (el)-351.08948 (tasks)-352.24915 ([31])-351.39465 (include:)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 402.64198 10.56799 Tm (identifying)Tj 1 0 0 1 190.61998 0.60500 Tm (communities)Tj /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 238.42998 0.60500 Tm [(\(C\),)-280.42603 (i.e.)-395.55359 (cohesi)21.28601 (v)11.27625 (e)-280.71594 (groups)-280.97534 (of)-281.11267 (actors)-282.37915 (that)-281.52466 (are)-281.55518 (strongly)-281.84509 (con-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 -9.35701 Tm [(nected)-256.02722 (to)-255.15747 (each)-256.28662 (other;)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 267.41698 -9.35701 Tm [(identifying)-256.85120 (centr)10.89478 (al)-256.11877 (actor)5.73730 (s)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 360.16498 -9.35701 Tm [(\(CA\),)-257.52258 (i.e.)-322.66235 (actors)-256.89697 (either)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 -19.32001 Tm [(link)7.11060 (ed)-328.01819 (to)-328.15552 (man)11.70349 (y)-327.30103 (other)-328.46069 (actors,)-347.73254 (or)-328.84216 (bridging)-328.12500 (communities)-329.52881 (together;)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 424.56499 -19.32001 Tm (ana-)Tj 1 0 0 1 190.61998 -29.28300 Tm [(lyzing)-227.92053 (r)41.97693 (oles)-229.20227 (and)-228.36304 (positions)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 281.46698 -29.28300 Tm [(,)-233.70361 (i.e.)-305.83191 (interpreting)-229.23279 (groups)-230.37720 (of)-229.50745 (actors)-229.67529 (\(positions\))]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 -39.24501 Tm [(and)-252.88391 (connection)-253.29590 (patterns)-253.57056 (\(roles\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 -49.20801 Tm [(Higher)-327.14844 (le)21.71326 (v)11.70349 (el)-327.36206 (tasks)-326.56860 (are)-327.57568 (performed)-327.92664 (through)-328.24707 (completion)-327.66724 (of)-328.70483 (lo)20.17212 (w-le)20.05005 (v)10.02502 (el)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 -59.17101 Tm [(tasks.)-474.01428 (F)11.97815 (or)-307.06787 (e)11.82556 (xample,)-320.43457 (if)-307.57141 (link)6.28662 (ed)-307.76978 (actors)-307.98340 (ha)15.88440 (v)10.87952 (e)-307.12891 (a)-308.24280 (lar)13.73291 (ge)-308.39539 (number)-308.67004 (of)-307.67822 (common)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 -69.13301 Tm [(connections)-253.15857 (that)-252.30408 (are)-253.43323 (themselv)11.26099 (es)-252.85339 (interconnected,)-254.25720 (the)10.60486 (y)-253.43323 (most)-254.66919 (lik)5.18799 (ely)-253.92151 (form)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 -79.09601 Tm [(a)-297.88208 (community)61.72180 (.)-449.27979 (Thus,)-309.43298 (social)-298.59924 (netw)6.14929 (ork)-299.98779 (analysi)-3.14331 (s)-300.26245 (is)-299.28589 (closely)-299.59106 (related)-299.83521 (to)-299.89624 (net-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 -89.05901 Tm [(w)7.11060 (ork)-194.91577 (visualization)-194.42749 ([18])-195.57190 (and)-195.70923 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(the)-356.84204 (visual)-356.12488 (comple)12.58850 (xity)-356.55212 (of)-356.59790 (the)-356.75049 (graph)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 177.60201 Tm [(by)-318.90869 (introducing)-319.22913 (node)-318.40515 (o)13.47351 (v)13.47351 (erlap)-319.80896 (and)-319.96155 (link)-320.11414 (crossings)-320.40405 (due)-320.58716 (to)-319.70215 (the)-320.83130 (tight)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 167.64000 Tm [(space)-301.91040 (packing.)-464.23340 (V)58.63953 (isualizing)-302.76489 (the)-302.87170 (o)13.03101 (v)13.06152 (erlapping)-303.28369 (nodes)-303.52783 (is)-303.58887 (dif)22.29309 (cult)-303.89404 (or)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 157.67700 Tm [(e)24.24622 (v)14.09912 (en)-250.91553 (impossible)-251.35803 (when)-251.52588 (the)-251.64795 (number)-251.98364 (of)-252.07520 (intersections)-252.48718 (increases.)]TJ ET 0.39799 w 1 0 0 1 126 148.52100 cm 0 0 m 112.67000 0 l S BT /F5 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -69.01100 -18.80099 Tm 1 w ()Tj /F3 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -59.79601 -18.80099 Tm [(Nathalie)-246.33789 (Henry)-245.42236 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Tm [(collaboration)-285.11047 (relationships.)-416.15295 (Studying)-285.18677 (these)-286.20911 (communities)-285.24780 (and)-285.27832 (patterns)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 318.11800 Tm [(helps)-296.08154 (us)-297.07336 (understand)-296.12732 (for)-296.14258 (e)14.86206 (xample)-296.17310 (who)-297.18018 (are)-296.18835 (the)-296.21887 (most)-296.23413 (connected/prolic)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 308.15500 Tm [(authors)-304.07715 (and)-303.10059 (the)-304.10767 (boundary)-304.13818 (of)-303.16162 (their)-304.16870 (communities.)-471.22192 (When)-304.24500 (such)-303.26843 (commu-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 298.19299 Tm [(nities)-330.07813 (are)-329.08630 (identied)-330.12390 (\(for)-329.13208 (e)14.86206 (xample)-330.16968 (by)-330.18494 (clustering)-329.22363 (algorithms\),)-350.26550 (the)14.72473 (y)-329.28467 (can)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 288.23000 Tm [(be)-284.07288 (grouped)-284.08813 (visually)-284.11865 (and)-285.14099 (structurall)0.82397 (y)-285.18677 (in)-284.19495 (a)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 202.82401 288.23000 Tm 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(v)14.54163 (ertheless,)-245.49866 (it)-244.50684 (alters)-244.53735 (the)-243.54553 (net-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 151.20699 Tm [(w)9.67407 (ork)-345.33691 (structure)-345.35217 (and)-345.38269 (may)-345.39795 (af)24.59717 (fect)-345.42847 (the)-345.44373 (user')54.53491 (s)-345.45898 (percepti)0.50354 (on)-345.50476 (during)-345.53528 (analysis.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 141.24498 Tm [(This)-300.33875 (article)-299.36218 (discusses)-300.38452 (w)9.59778 (ays)-300.39978 (of)-300.43030 (representing)-299.45374 (duplications)-300.52185 (and,)-312.53052 (through)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 131.28198 Tm [(a)-308.31909 (controlled)-309.35669 (e)14.63318 (xperiment,)-323.41003 (e)14.58740 (xamines)-308.42590 (ho)24.55139 (w)-309.44824 (duplicating)-308.50220 (actors)-309.52454 (af)24.47510 (fects)-308.54797 (so-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 121.31898 Tm [(cial)-250.32043 (netw)9.64355 (orks)-250.36621 (analysis.)]TJ /F1 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.84398 103.45999 Tm [(2)-1050.32349 (R)]TJ /F1 7.17310 Tf 1 0 0 1 212.16599 103.45999 Tm [(E)-63.90381 (L)-62.92725 (A)26.04675 (T)-62.97302 (E)-64.01062 (D)-411.04126 (W)-45.08972 (O)-64.13269 (R)-63.15613 (K)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.61998 90.26900 Tm [(Social)-357.33032 (netw)9.64355 (orks)-356.36902 (describe)-357.40662 (persons)-356.43005 (or)-357.43713 (or)17.54761 (g)4.54712 (anizations)-356.50635 (\(actors\))-357.52869 (and)-356.53687 (their)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 80.30600 Tm [(relationships.)-424.36218 (Examples)-288.40637 (include)-288.42163 (genealogical)-288.48267 (trees,)-297.50061 (disease)-288.52844 (transmis-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 70.34399 Tm [(sion)-329.33044 (and)-329.34570 (communication)-330.39856 (netw)9.56726 (orks.)-547.43958 (In)-330.44434 (this)-329.46777 (paper)39.50500 (,)-349.48730 (we)-329.51355 (concentrate)-329.54407 (on)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 60.38100 Tm [(visual)-307.32727 (analysis)-308.36487 (techniques)-307.40356 (to)-308.41064 (analyze)-307.44934 (social)-308.47168 (net)0.51880 (w)9.52148 (orks)-308.51746 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(e)-276.96228 (w)16.09802 (a)31.12793 (ys)-276.80969 (to)-276.74866 (render)-276.53503 (them)-276.38245 (in)-276.32141 (social)-276.13831 (netw)12.02393 (or)-12.92419 (k)-275.89417 (representations)17.56287 (.)]TJ /F1 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 77.76001 565.39401 Tm [(Inde)15.76233 (x)-277.20642 (T)60.82153 (erms)]TJ /F0 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 124.11401 565.39401 Tm [(Cluster)-13.74817 (ing,)-276.65710 (Gr)11.44409 (aph)-276.44348 (Visualization,)-276.07727 (Node)-275.89417 (Duplications)17.45605 (,)-275.52795 (Social)-275.32959 (Netw)12.81738 (or)-12.10022 (ks)17.95959 (.)]TJ ET q 204.48000 0 0 11.52000 208.25999 541.14200 cm /X0 Do Q BT /F1 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 54.22400 521.21700 Tm [(1)-1050.12512 (I)]TJ /F1 7.17310 Tf 1 0 0 1 71.56500 521.21700 Tm [(N)-62.85095 (T)-61.88965 (R)-42.95349 (O)-63.01880 (D)-63.09509 (U)-62.16431 (C)-63.21716 (T)-63.27820 (I)-63.30872 (O)-63.35449 (N)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 54 507.66800 Tm [(Social)-214.14185 (netw)9.79614 (orks)-215.20996 (analysis)-214.29443 (is)-214.29443 (becoming)-214.37073 (increasingly)-215.46936 (popular)-214.52332 (with)-214.55383 (online)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 497.70500 Tm [(communities)-310.18066 (such)-309.21936 (as)-310.25696 (F)14.72473 (aceBook,)-324.34082 (MySpace)-310.42480 (or)-310.42480 (Flickr)39.52026 (,)-324.47815 (where)-310.53162 (users)-309.58557 (log)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 487.74200 Tm [(in,)-268.12744 (e)14.87732 (xchange)-265.18250 (messages)-265.27405 (or)-265.27405 (pictures,)-268.34106 (and)-265.38086 (generally)-265.45715 (interact)-265.51819 (with)-264.54163 (friends)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 477.78000 Tm [(or)-404.11377 (collaborators.)-770.21790 (Man)14.72473 (y)-404.28162 (sociologists)-404.37317 (perform)-403.42712 (statistical)-404.52576 (analyses)-403.57971 (on)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 467.81700 Tm [(these)-275.14648 (netw)9.81140 (orks,)-281.21948 (attempting)-276.30615 (to)-275.31433 (t)-275.32959 (their)-275.37537 (data)-275.42114 (to)-275.42114 (e)14.55688 (xisting)-275.48218 (models)-275.54321 (accord-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 457.85400 Tm [(ing)-344.13147 (to)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 78.60800 457.85400 Tm [(a)-344.14673 (priori)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 110.19301 457.85400 Tm [(h)4.76074 (ypotheses.)-593.30750 (Ho)24.65820 (we)24.64294 (v)14.63318 (er)39.62708 (,)-368.37769 (visual)-344.42139 (analysis)-344.49768 (becomes)-344.55872 (more)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54.00002 447.89200 Tm [(and)-303.14636 (more)-303.17688 (popular)-303.23792 (as)-303.25317 (it)-303.26843 (of)24.70398 (fers)-303.31421 (the)-303.34473 (opportunity)-303.45154 (to)-303.45154 (vie)24.50562 (w)-302.47498 (the)-303.51257 (ra)14.46533 (w)-303.55835 (data)-303.57361 (in)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54.00002 437.92900 Tm [(an)-256.11877 (e)14.84680 (xploratory)-257.20215 (manner)39.73389 (,)-258.27026 (without)-257.33948 (bias)-256.36292 (or)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 195.56601 437.92900 Tm [(a)-256.39343 (priori)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 225.57600 437.92900 Tm [(formed)-256.51550 (analysis)-257.56836 (ques-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 427.96600 Tm [(tions,)-250.15259 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(groups)-354.46167 (of)-354.50745 (actors)-353.56140 (tightly)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 377.89400 Tm [(connected)-285.15625 (to)-284.19495 (each)-285.21729 (other)-285.26306 ()-284.30176 (to)-285.32410 (understand)-284.40857 (their)-285.43091 (relationship)-285.52246 (and)-284.56116 (roles.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 367.93100 Tm [(F)14.87732 (or)-264.11438 (e)14.86206 (xample,)-268.18848 (communities)-264.28223 (clearly)-264.35852 (emer)17.62390 (ge)-264.40430 (when)-264.43481 (visualizing)-264.54163 (the)-264.55688 (coau-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 357.96800 Tm [(thorship)-388.15308 (netw)9.81140 (ork)-388.22937 (of)-389.23645 (a)-388.24463 (conference,)-423.33984 (where)-388.41248 (nodes)-388.45825 (are)-388.47351 (researchers)-388.56506 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 348.00600 Tm [(links)-298.15674 (represent)-298.20251 (articles)-298.26355 (co-signed)-298.33984 (by)-299.37744 (other)-298.41614 (researchers.)-454.49829 (Dif)24.45984 (ferent)-298.56873 (pat-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 338.04300 Tm [(terns)-366.13464 (are)-366.16516 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237.37801 Tm [(one)-389.17542 (of)-389.19067 (the)-388.21411 (communities)-389.31274 (\(Figure)-389.37378 (2)-389.38904 (left,center\);)-458.48083 (2\))-388.48877 (others)-389.55688 (place)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 227.41600 Tm [(shared)-258.20923 (actors)-258.23975 (between)-258.30078 (their)-259.33838 (communities,)-260.43701 (solving)-258.48389 (the)-258.52966 (unique)-258.57544 (as-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 217.45300 Tm [(signment)-443.22205 (problem)-442.29126 (b)19.69910 (ut)-443.31360 (increasing)-442.39807 (link)-443.42041 (crossings)-443.49670 (when)-442.53540 (se)24.44458 (v)14.43481 (eral)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 207.49001 Tm [(nodes)-346.19141 (belong)-345.23010 (to)-346.25244 (se)24.70398 (v)14.70947 (eral)-346.31348 (communities;)-393.41736 (and)-346.46606 (3\))-346.45081 (in)-345.48950 (fe)24.47510 (w)-346.54236 (clustering)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 197.52800 Tm [(algorithms,)-234.23767 (communities)-229.30908 (that)-230.34668 (share)-229.38538 (actors)-230.42297 (are)-229.47693 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190.61998 121.31898 Tm [(cial)-250.64087 (netw)9.29260 (orks)-250.73242 (analysis.)]TJ /F1 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.84398 103.45999 Tm [(2)-1050.64392 (R)]TJ /F1 7.17310 Tf 1 0 0 1 212.16599 103.45999 Tm [(E)-65.79590 (L)-64.84985 (A)24.09363 (T)-64.94141 (E)-66.00952 (D)-413.08594 (W)-47.18018 (O)-66.25366 (R)-65.30762 (K)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.61998 90.26900 Tm [(Social)-357.66602 (netw)9.29260 (orks)-356.73523 (describe)-357.81860 (persons)-356.85730 (or)-357.87964 (or)17.08984 (g)4.08936 (anizations)-357.00989 (\(actors\))-358.06274 (and)-357.08618 (their)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 80.30600 Tm [(relationships.)-424.71313 (Examples)-288.80310 (include)-288.84888 (genealogical)-288.95569 (trees,)-297.98889 (disease)-289.04724 (transmis-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 70.34399 Tm [(sion)-329.66614 (and)-329.68140 (communication)-330.81055 (netw)9.15527 (orks.)-547.86682 (In)-330.90210 (this)-329.92554 (paper)39.01672 (,)-349.97559 (we)-330.01709 (concentrate)-330.09338 (on)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 60.38100 Tm [(visual)-307.64771 (analysis)-308.73108 (techniques)-307.81555 (to)-308.82263 (analyze)-307.89185 (social)-308.92944 (net)0.04578 (w)9.03320 (orks)-309.02100 (\(detailed)-308.05969 (infor)18.87512 (-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 50.41899 Tm [(mation)-250.67139 (on)-250.70190 (statistical)-250.76294 (and)-250.79346 (structural)-250.86975 (methods)-250.94604 (can)-250.97656 (be)-250.97656 (found)-251.02234 (in)-251.05286 ([31]\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 40.45599 Tm [(Exploring)-473.70911 (social)-474.76196 (netw)9.18579 (orks)-473.84644 (in)39.12354 (v)19.11926 (olv)14.09912 (es)-474.91455 (tasks)-473.93799 (at)-473.98376 (se)24.00208 (v)13.99231 (eral)-475.02136 (le)23.95630 (v)13.93127 (els)-474.09058 ([27].)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 30.49300 Tm [(Lo)24.35303 (w-le)24.32251 (v)14.31274 (el)-425.70496 (readability)-425.76599 (tasks)-425.82703 (include:)-660.88867 (nding)-425.94910 (if)-425.97961 (tw)9.00269 (o)-425.00305 (actors)-426.07117 (are)-426.08643 (con-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 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(as)-366.43982 (student-advisor)-366.59241 (relations)0.30518 (hips)-366.76025 (or)-366.77551 (laboratory)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 328.08000 Tm [(collaboration)-285.32410 (relationships.)-416.42761 (Studying)-285.55298 (these)-286.63635 (communities)-285.73608 (and)-285.79712 (patterns)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 318.11800 Tm [(helps)-296.23413 (us)-297.25647 (understand)-296.38672 (for)-296.43250 (e)14.57214 (xample)-296.52405 (who)-297.56165 (are)-296.58508 (the)-296.64612 (most)-296.69189 (connected/prolic)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 308.15500 Tm [(authors)-304.24500 (and)-303.29895 (the)-304.32129 (boundary)-304.44336 (of)-303.48206 (their)-304.51965 (communities.)-471.66443 (When)-304.73328 (such)-303.81775 (commu-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 298.19299 Tm [(nities)-330.23071 (are)-329.25415 (identied)-330.38330 (\(for)-329.40674 (e)14.55688 (xample)-330.50537 (by)-330.55115 (clustering)-329.66614 (algorithms\),)-350.79956 (the)14.16016 (y)-329.84924 (can)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 288.23000 Tm [(be)-284.21021 (grouped)-284.27124 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1 0 0 1 -69.01100 -18.80099 Tm 1 w ()Tj /F3 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -59.79601 -18.80099 Tm [(Nathalie)-248.90137 (Henry)-248.62671 (is)-248.53516 (with)-248.35205 (INRIA-LRI)-247.89429 (and)-247.72644 (Univ)76.46179 (.)-307.52563 (of)-247.40601 (Sydne)32.83691 (y)57.87659 (,)-247.11609 (E-mail:)]TJ 1 0 0 1 -60.04500 -28.26500 Tm [(nathalie)16.09802 (.henry@lri.fr)112.59460 (.)]TJ /F5 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -69.01100 -37.98900 Tm ()Tj /F3 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -59.79601 -37.98900 Tm [(Anastasia)-248.85559 (Bezerianos)-248.39783 (is)-248.30627 (with)-248.12317 (NICT)52.13928 (A,)-247.80273 (E-mail:)-307.49512 (a.bezerianos@nicta.com.au.)]TJ /F5 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -69.01100 -47.71300 Tm ()Tj /F3 7.97009 Tf 1 0 0 1 -59.79601 -47.71300 Tm [(J)25.81787 (ean-Daniel)-248.74878 (F)76.32446 (ek)11.41357 (ete)-248.48938 (is)-248.39783 (with)-248.21472 (INRIA,)-247.94006 (E-mail:)-307.58667 (jean-daniel.fek)13.00049 (ete@inria.fr)114.44092 (.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 -72 -61.16299 Tm [(Manuscript)-248.90137 (r)38.14697 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(the)-382.11060 (visualization)-382.27844 (still)-381.30188 (suf)23.65112 (fers)-382.41577 (from)-382.46155 (edge-crossings,)-414.64233 (re-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 240.87099 Tm [(ducing)-397.00317 (its)-397.01843 (readability)63.81226 (.)-750.18311 (Moreo)13.71765 (v)13.71765 (er)38.71155 (,)-434.29565 (decidi)-0.38147 (ng)-398.40698 (where)-397.50671 (to)-397.50671 (place)-397.59827 (an)-397.64404 (actor)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 230.90799 Tm [(shared)-251.00708 (between)-251.09863 (communities)-251.23596 (remains)-251.32751 (a)-251.32751 (challenge.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 220.94598 Tm [(T)78.99475 (o)-219.00940 (impro)13.94653 (v)13.93127 (e)-218.09387 (readability)-219.20776 (and)-218.24646 (solv)13.67188 (e)-219.31458 (ambiguous)-219.43665 (clusteri)-0.50354 (ng,)-226.56250 (we)-218.56689 (propose)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 210.98299 Tm [(using)-343.96362 (actor)-344.05518 (duplications:)-497.19238 (introducing)-344.32983 (ne)23.62061 (w)-344.42139 (nodes)-344.48242 (to)-344.49768 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190.61998 161.16998 Tm [(visual)-244.96460 (comple)13.93127 (xity)-245.10193 (by)-244.14063 (suppressing)-245.28503 (links.)-309.37195 (Ne)23.59009 (v)13.59558 (ertheless,)-246.50574 (it)-245.51392 (alters)-245.60547 (the)-244.61365 (net-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 151.20699 Tm [(w)9.03320 (ork)-345.97778 (structure)-346.08459 (and)-346.14563 (may)-346.19141 (af)23.80371 (fect)-346.28296 (the)-346.32874 (user')53.61938 (s)-346.37451 (percepti)-0.47302 (on)-346.51184 (during)-346.60339 (analysis.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 141.24498 Tm [(This)-301.01013 (article)-300.06409 (discusses)-301.14746 (w)8.80432 (ays)-301.22375 (of)-301.26953 (representing)-300.39978 (duplications)-301.52893 (and,)-313.56812 (through)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 131.28198 Tm [(a)-308.95996 (controlled)-310.05859 (e)13.93127 (xperiment,)-324.20349 (e)13.76343 (xamines)-309.28040 (ho)23.66638 (w)-310.34851 (duplicating)-309.47876 (actors)-310.56213 (af)23.40698 (fects)-309.64661 (so-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 121.31898 Tm [(cial)-250.96130 (netw)8.94165 (orks)-251.09863 (analysis.)]TJ /F1 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.84398 103.45999 Tm [(2)-1050.96436 (R)]TJ /F1 7.17310 Tf 1 0 0 1 212.16599 103.45999 Tm [(E)-67.68799 (L)-66.77246 (A)22.14050 (T)-66.90979 (E)-68.02368 (D)-415.13062 (W)-49.27063 (O)-68.37463 (R)-67.47437 (K)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.61998 90.26900 Tm [(Social)-358.00171 (netw)8.94165 (orks)-357.10144 (describe)-358.21533 (persons)-357.28455 (or)-358.32214 (or)16.64734 (g)3.63159 (anizations)-357.51343 (\(actors\))-358.59680 (and)-357.63550 (their)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 80.30600 Tm [(relationships.)-425.06409 (Examples)-289.19983 (include)-289.27612 (genealogical)-289.42871 (trees,)-298.47717 (disease)-289.56604 (transmis-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 70.34399 Tm [(sion)-329.98657 (and)-330.01709 (communication)-331.20728 (netw)8.74329 (orks.)-548.29407 (In)-331.35986 (this)-330.38330 (paper)38.52844 (,)-350.46387 (we)-330.52063 (concentrate)-330.64270 (on)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 60.38100 Tm [(visual)-307.98340 (analysis)-309.08203 (techniques)-308.22754 (to)-309.23462 (analyze)-308.33435 (social)-309.38721 (net)-0.42725 (w)8.54492 (orks)-309.52454 (\(detailed)-308.59375 (infor)18.31055 (-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 50.41899 Tm [(mation)-251.00708 (on)-251.05286 (statistical)-251.14441 (and)-251.19019 (structural)-251.29700 (methods)-251.41907 (can)-251.46484 (be)-251.46484 (found)-251.52588 (in)-251.57166 ([31]\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 40.45599 Tm [(Exploring)-474.06006 (social)-475.14343 (netw)8.77380 (orks)-474.27368 (in)38.68103 (v)18.67676 (olv)13.64136 (es)-475.37231 (tasks)-474.41101 (at)-474.47205 (se)23.49854 (v)13.48877 (eral)-475.54016 (le)23.42224 (v)13.39722 (els)-474.62463 ([27].)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 30.49300 Tm [(Lo)24.03259 (w-le)23.98682 (v)13.97705 (el)-426.05591 (readability)-426.16272 (tasks)-426.23901 (include:)-661.34644 (nding)-426.43738 (if)-426.46790 (tw)8.49915 (o)-425.50659 (actors)-426.60522 (are)-426.62048 (con-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 20.53099 Tm [(nected,)-361.00769 (ho)23.95630 (w)-339.08081 (man)13.85498 (y)-340.13367 (actors)-339.21814 (lie)-339.24866 (between)-339.35547 (them,)-362.41150 (or)-339.43176 (if)-339.46228 (the)13.48877 (y)-339.53857 (are)-339.55383 (connected)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 10.56799 Tm [(to)-347.96143 (the)-349.01428 (same)-348.05298 (set)-348.11401 (of)-348.11401 (actors.)-603.21045 (High-le)23.66638 (v)13.67188 (el)-348.37341 (tasks)-349.41101 ([31])-348.46497 (include:)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 402.64198 10.56799 Tm (identifying)Tj 1 0 0 1 190.61998 0.60500 Tm (communities)Tj /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 238.42998 0.60500 Tm [(\(C\),)-278.13721 (i.e.)-393.17322 (cohesi)23.75793 (v)13.74817 (e)-278.24402 (groups)-278.32031 (of)-278.36609 (actors)-279.44946 (that)-278.50342 (are)-278.53394 (strongly)-278.64075 (con-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 -9.35701 Tm [(nected)-254.01306 (to)-253.05176 (each)-254.08936 (other;)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 267.41698 -9.35701 Tm [(identifying)-254.28772 (centr)13.64136 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(w)-302.47498 (the)-303.51257 (ra)14.46533 (w)-303.55835 (data)-303.57361 (in)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54.00002 437.92900 Tm [(an)-256.11877 (e)14.84680 (xploratory)-257.20215 (manner)39.73389 (,)-258.27026 (without)-257.33948 (bias)-256.36292 (or)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 195.56601 437.92900 Tm [(a)-256.39343 (priori)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 225.57600 437.92900 Tm [(formed)-256.51550 (analysis)-257.56836 (ques-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 427.96600 Tm [(tions,)-250.15259 (and)-250.18311 (opens)-250.22888 (ne)24.76501 (w)-250.24414 (perspecti)24.68872 (v)14.66370 (es)-250.35095 (for)-250.36621 (pre)24.61243 (viously)-250.45776 (analyzed)-250.51880 (datasets.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 63.96300 417.74400 Tm [(The)-271.14868 (most)-271.19446 (popular)-271.25549 (visual)-271.30127 (representation)-271.39282 (of)-270.43152 (social)-271.45386 (netw)9.49097 (orks)-271.54541 (is)-271.56067 (node-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 407.78200 Tm [(link)-412.12463 (diagrams)-413.19275 (where)-412.24670 (persons)-412.30774 (\(actors\))-412.36877 (are)-413.42163 (represented)-412.49084 (as)-412.52136 (nodes)-412.56714 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 397.81900 Tm [(their)-324.15771 (relationships)-323.22693 (as)-324.26453 (links.)-532.28760 (An)-323.33374 (important)-324.40186 (task)-324.44763 (when)-324.47815 (analyzing)-323.54736 (these)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 387.85600 Tm [(netw)9.87244 (orks)-354.17175 (is)-353.19519 (e)14.80103 (xamining)-354.26331 (communities)-354.35486 ()-353.37830 (i.e.)-621.41418 (groups)-354.46167 (of)-354.50745 (actors)-353.56140 (tightly)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 377.89400 Tm [(connected)-285.15625 (to)-284.19495 (each)-285.21729 (other)-285.26306 ()-284.30176 (to)-285.32410 (understand)-284.40857 (their)-285.43091 (relationship)-285.52246 (and)-284.56116 (roles.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 367.93100 Tm [(F)14.87732 (or)-264.11438 (e)14.86206 (xample,)-268.18848 (communities)-264.28223 (clearly)-264.35852 (emer)17.62390 (ge)-264.40430 (when)-264.43481 (visualizing)-264.54163 (the)-264.55688 (coau-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 357.96800 Tm [(thorship)-388.15308 (netw)9.81140 (ork)-388.22937 (of)-389.23645 (a)-388.24463 (conference,)-423.33984 (where)-388.41248 (nodes)-388.45825 (are)-388.47351 (researchers)-388.56506 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 348.00600 Tm [(links)-298.15674 (represent)-298.20251 (articles)-298.26355 (co-signed)-298.33984 (by)-299.37744 (other)-298.41614 (researchers.)-454.49829 (Dif)24.45984 (ferent)-298.56873 (pat-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 338.04300 Tm [(terns)-366.13464 (are)-366.16516 (visible,)-395.23315 (such)-366.27197 (as)-366.28723 (student-advisor)-366.39404 (relations)0.53406 (hips)-366.50085 (or)-366.51611 (laboratory)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 328.08000 Tm [(collaboration)-285.21729 (relationships.)-416.29028 (Studying)-285.36987 (these)-286.42273 (communities)-285.49194 (and)-285.53772 (patterns)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 318.11800 Tm [(helps)-296.15784 (us)-297.16492 (understand)-296.24939 (for)-296.27991 (e)14.72473 (xample)-296.34094 (who)-297.36328 (are)-296.38672 (the)-296.43250 (most)-296.46301 (connected/prolic)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 308.15500 Tm [(authors)-304.16870 (and)-303.20740 (the)-304.21448 (boundary)-304.29077 (of)-303.32947 (their)-304.33655 (communities.)-471.45081 (When)-304.48914 (such)-303.54309 (commu-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 298.19299 Tm [(nities)-330.15442 (are)-329.16260 (identied)-330.24597 (\(for)-329.26941 (e)14.70947 (xample)-330.33752 (by)-330.36804 (clustering)-329.45251 (algorithms\),)-350.52490 (the)14.45007 (y)-329.55933 (can)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 288.23000 Tm [(be)-284.14917 (grouped)-284.17969 (visually)-284.25598 (and)-285.27832 (structurall)0.64087 (y)-285.36987 (in)-284.39331 (a)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 202.82401 288.23000 Tm [(cluster)36.54480 (ed)-284.46960 (gr)14.51111 (aph)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 261.74400 288.23000 Tm [(\(Figure)-284.57642 (1a\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 278.26700 Tm [(This)-250.12207 (community)-250.21362 (representation)-250.33569 (suf)24.62769 (fers)-250.38147 (from)-250.41199 (tw)9.56726 (o)-250.44250 (problems:)]TJ /F4 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 54 257.30400 Tm [(Clustering)-250.19836 (ambiguity:)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 143.41701 257.30400 Tm [(When)-343.33801 (an)-343.33801 (actor)-343.38379 (is)-343.41431 (connected)-343.47534 (to)-343.49060 (tw)9.47571 (o)-343.53638 (or)-343.56689 (more)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 247.34100 Tm [(communities:)-552.24609 (1\))-371.26160 (most)-371.30737 (clustering)-371.38367 (algorithm)0.53406 (s)-371.45996 (place)-371.52100 (the)-371.53625 (actor)-371.58203 (in)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 237.37801 Tm [(one)-389.17542 (of)-389.19067 (the)-388.21411 (communities)-389.31274 (\(Figure)-389.37378 (2)-389.38904 (left,center\);)-458.48083 (2\))-388.48877 (others)-389.55688 (place)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 227.41600 Tm [(shared)-258.20923 (actors)-258.23975 (between)-258.30078 (their)-259.33838 (communities,)-260.43701 (solving)-258.48389 (the)-258.52966 (unique)-258.57544 (as-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 73.92500 217.45300 Tm [(signment)-443.22205 (problem)-442.29126 (b)19.69910 (ut)-443.31360 (increasing)-442.39807 (link)-443.42041 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(orks')]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 161.16998 Tm [(visual)-244.64417 (comple)14.28223 (xity)-244.73572 (by)-243.75916 (suppressing)-244.85779 (links.)-308.91418 (Ne)24.06311 (v)14.06860 (ertheless,)-246.00220 (it)-245.01038 (alters)-245.07141 (the)-244.07959 (net-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 151.20699 Tm [(w)9.35364 (ork)-345.65735 (structure)-345.71838 (and)-345.76416 (may)-345.79468 (af)24.20044 (fect)-345.85571 (the)-345.88623 (user')54.07715 (s)-345.91675 (percepti)0.01526 (on)-346.00830 (during)-346.06934 (analysis.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 141.24498 Tm [(This)-300.67444 (article)-299.71313 (discusses)-300.76599 (w)9.20105 (ays)-300.81177 (of)-300.85754 (representing)-299.92676 (duplications)-301.02539 (and,)-313.04932 (through)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 131.28198 Tm [(a)-308.63953 (controlled)-309.70764 (e)14.28223 (xperiment,)-323.80676 (e)14.17542 (xamines)-308.85315 (ho)24.10889 (w)-309.90601 (duplicating)-308.99048 (actors)-310.04333 (af)23.94104 (fects)-309.09729 (so-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 121.31898 Tm [(cial)-250.64087 (netw)9.29260 (orks)-250.73242 (analysis.)]TJ /F1 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.84398 103.45999 Tm [(2)-1050.64392 (R)]TJ /F1 7.17310 Tf 1 0 0 1 212.16599 103.45999 Tm [(E)-65.79590 (L)-64.84985 (A)24.09363 (T)-64.94141 (E)-66.00952 (D)-413.08594 (W)-47.18018 (O)-66.25366 (R)-65.30762 (K)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 190.61998 90.26900 Tm [(Social)-357.66602 (netw)9.29260 (orks)-356.73523 (describe)-357.81860 (persons)-356.85730 (or)-357.87964 (or)17.08984 (g)4.08936 (anizations)-357.00989 (\(actors\))-358.06274 (and)-357.08618 (their)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 80.30600 Tm [(relationships.)-424.71313 (Examples)-288.80310 (include)-288.84888 (genealogical)-288.95569 (trees,)-297.98889 (disease)-289.04724 (transmis-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 70.34399 Tm [(sion)-329.66614 (and)-329.68140 (communication)-330.81055 (netw)9.15527 (orks.)-547.86682 (In)-330.90210 (this)-329.92554 (paper)39.01672 (,)-349.97559 (we)-330.01709 (concentrate)-330.09338 (on)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 60.38100 Tm [(visual)-307.64771 (analysis)-308.73108 (techniques)-307.81555 (to)-308.82263 (analyze)-307.89185 (social)-308.92944 (net)0.04578 (w)9.03320 (orks)-309.02100 (\(detailed)-308.05969 (infor)18.87512 (-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 50.41899 Tm [(mation)-250.67139 (on)-250.70190 (statistical)-250.76294 (and)-250.79346 (structural)-250.86975 (methods)-250.94604 (can)-250.97656 (be)-250.97656 (found)-251.02234 (in)-251.05286 ([31]\).)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 40.45599 Tm [(Exploring)-473.70911 (social)-474.76196 (netw)9.18579 (orks)-473.84644 (in)39.12354 (v)19.11926 (olv)14.09912 (es)-474.91455 (tasks)-473.93799 (at)-473.98376 (se)24.00208 (v)13.99231 (eral)-475.02136 (le)23.95630 (v)13.93127 (els)-474.09058 ([27].)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 30.49300 Tm [(Lo)24.35303 (w-le)24.32251 (v)14.31274 (el)-425.70496 (readability)-425.76599 (tasks)-425.82703 (include:)-660.88867 (nding)-425.94910 (if)-425.97961 (tw)9.00269 (o)-425.00305 (actors)-426.07117 (are)-426.08643 (con-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 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(the)-303.51257 (opportunity)-303.68042 (to)-303.68042 (vie)24.26147 (w)-302.73438 (the)-303.77197 (ra)14.19067 (w)-303.83301 (data)-303.86353 (in)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54.00002 437.92900 Tm [(an)-256.17981 (e)14.77051 (xploratory)-257.30896 (manner)39.59656 (,)-258.40759 (without)-257.50732 (bias)-256.54602 (or)]TJ /F3 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 195.56601 437.92900 Tm [(a)-256.59180 (priori)]TJ /F2 8.96640 Tf 1 0 0 1 225.57600 437.92900 Tm [(formed)-256.77490 (analysis)-257.85828 (ques-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 427.96600 Tm [(tions,)-250.22888 (and)-250.27466 (opens)-250.33569 (ne)24.64294 (w)-250.36621 (perspecti)24.53613 (v)14.51111 (es)-250.53406 (for)-250.54932 (pre)24.41406 (viously)-250.68665 (analyzed)-250.77820 (datasets.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 63.96300 417.74400 Tm [(The)-271.22498 (most)-271.30127 (popular)-271.37756 (visual)-271.45386 (representation)-271.59119 (of)-270.64514 (social)-271.68274 (netw)9.23157 (orks)-271.82007 (is)-271.85059 (node-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 407.78200 Tm [(link)-412.18567 (diagrams)-413.28430 (where)-412.38403 (persons)-412.46033 (\(actors\))-412.55188 (are)-413.63525 (represented)-412.73499 (as)-412.78076 (nodes)-412.85706 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 397.81900 Tm [(their)-324.23401 (relationships)-323.33374 (as)-324.40186 (links.)-532.42493 (An)-323.50159 (important)-324.60022 (task)-324.66125 (when)-324.70703 (analyzing)-323.82202 (these)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 387.85600 Tm [(netw)9.81140 (orks)-354.24805 (is)-353.28674 (e)14.69421 (xamining)-354.40063 (communities)-354.55322 ()-353.57666 (i.e.)-621.62781 (groups)-354.70581 (of)-354.75159 (actors)-353.83606 (tightly)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 377.89400 Tm [(connected)-285.23254 (to)-284.28650 (each)-285.32410 (other)-285.40039 ()-284.45435 (to)-285.49194 (understand)-284.60693 (their)-285.64453 (relationship)-285.78186 (and)-284.83582 (roles.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 367.93100 Tm [(F)14.81628 (or)-264.17542 (e)14.78577 (xample,)-268.28003 (communities)-264.43481 (clearly)-264.52637 (emer)17.44080 (ge)-264.60266 (when)-264.64844 (visualizing)-264.80103 (the)-264.83154 (coau-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 357.96800 Tm [(thorship)-388.22937 (netw)9.71985 (ork)-388.35144 (of)-389.35852 (a)-388.36670 (conference,)-423.50769 (where)-388.62610 (nodes)-388.68713 (are)-388.71765 (researchers)-388.85498 (and)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 348.00600 Tm [(links)-298.23303 (represent)-298.29407 (articles)-298.38562 (co-signed)-298.50769 (by)-299.56055 (other)-298.61450 (researchers.)-454.74243 (Dif)24.18518 (ferent)-298.85864 (pat-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 338.04300 Tm [(terns)-366.19568 (are)-366.25671 (visible,)-395.33997 (such)-366.40930 (as)-366.43982 (student-advisor)-366.59241 (relations)0.30518 (hips)-366.76025 (or)-366.77551 (laboratory)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 328.08000 Tm [(collaboration)-285.32410 (relationships.)-416.42761 (Studying)-285.55298 (these)-286.63635 (communities)-285.73608 (and)-285.79712 (patterns)]TJ 1 0 0 1 54 318.11800 Tm [(helps)-296.23413 (us)-297.25647 (understand)-296.38672 (for)-296.43250 (e)14.57214 (xample)-296.52405 (who)-297.56165 (are)-296.58508 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190.61998 270.75899 Tm [(trix,)-369.97986 (node)-346.03882 (o)13.94653 (v)13.94653 (erlapping)-346.19141 (is)-346.19141 (suppressed)-346.32874 (and)-345.36743 (intra-)-346.42029 (and)-346.48132 (inter)18.44788 (-community)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 260.79599 Tm [(edge)-300.00305 (crossing)-301.05591 (is)-300.09460 (reduced.)-459.19800 (Ho)23.75793 (we)23.72742 (v)13.71765 (er)38.68103 (,)-313.32397 (when)-300.41504 (se)23.57483 (v)13.58032 (eral)-301.48315 (actors)-300.55237 (connect)-300.64392 (tw)8.31604 (o)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 250.83398 Tm [(communities,)-414.06250 (the)-382.11060 (visualization)-382.27844 (still)-381.30188 (suf)23.65112 (fers)-382.41577 (from)-382.46155 (edge-crossings,)-414.64233 (re-)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 240.87099 Tm [(ducing)-397.00317 (its)-397.01843 (readability)63.81226 (.)-750.18311 (Moreo)13.71765 (v)13.71765 (er)38.71155 (,)-434.29565 (decidi)-0.38147 (ng)-398.40698 (where)-397.50671 (to)-397.50671 (place)-397.59827 (an)-397.64404 (actor)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 230.90799 Tm [(shared)-251.00708 (between)-251.09863 (communities)-251.23596 (remains)-251.32751 (a)-251.32751 (challenge.)]TJ 1 0 0 1 200.58298 220.94598 Tm [(T)78.99475 (o)-219.00940 (impro)13.94653 (v)13.93127 (e)-218.09387 (readability)-219.20776 (and)-218.24646 (solv)13.67188 (e)-219.31458 (ambiguous)-219.43665 (clusteri)-0.50354 (ng,)-226.56250 (we)-218.56689 (propose)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 210.98299 Tm [(using)-343.96362 (actor)-344.05518 (duplications:)-497.19238 (introducing)-344.32983 (ne)23.62061 (w)-344.42139 (nodes)-344.48242 (to)-344.49768 (represent)-344.60449 (aliases)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 201.02098 Tm [(of)-382.96509 (actors.)-706.02417 (W)78.93372 (e)-382.09534 (implement)-383.20923 (this)-383.27026 (idea)-382.32422 (in)-383.36182 (NodeT)33.56934 (rix.)-706.46667 (Figure)-383.57544 (1)-383.59070 (sho)23.34595 (ws)-382.65991 (a)]TJ 1 0 0 1 190.61998 191.05798 Tm [(NodeT)33.98132 (rix)-372.05505 (representation)-373.19946 (before)-372.28394 (\(b\))-372.31445 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