We introduce Perceus, an algorithm for precise reference counting with
\nreuse and specialization. Starting from a functional core language with
\nexplicit control-flow, Perceus emits precise reference counting
\ninstructions such that programs are _garbage free_, where only live
\nreferences are retained. This enables further optimizations,
\nlike reuse analysis that allows for guaranteed in-place updates at
\nruntime. This in turn enables a novel programming paradigm that we call
\n_functional but in-place_ (FBIP). Much like tail-call optimization
\nenables writing loops with regular function calls, reuse analysis enables
\nwriting in-place mutating algorithms in a purely functional way. We give
\na novel formalization of reference counting in a linear resource
\ncalculus, and prove that Perceus is sound and garbage free. We show
\nevidence that Perceus, as implemented in Koka, has good performance
\nand is competitive with other state-of-the-art memory collectors.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
We introduce Perceus, an algorithm for precise reference counting with reuse and specialization. Starting from a functional core language with explicit control-flow, Perceus emits precise reference counting instructions such that programs are _garbage free_, where only live references are retained. This enables further optimizations, like reuse analysis that allows for guaranteed in-place updates at runtime. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"msr-url-field":"","msr-podcast-episode":"","msrModifiedDate":"","msrModifiedDateEnabled":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"_classifai_error":"","footnotes":""},"msr-content-type":[3],"msr-research-highlight":[],"research-area":[13560],"msr-publication-type":[193718],"msr-product-type":[],"msr-focus-area":[],"msr-platform":[],"msr-download-source":[],"msr-locale":[268875],"msr-post-option":[],"msr-field-of-study":[],"msr-conference":[],"msr-journal":[],"msr-impact-theme":[],"msr-pillar":[],"class_list":["post-707329","msr-research-item","type-msr-research-item","status-publish","hentry","msr-research-area-programming-languages-software-engineering","msr-locale-en_us"],"msr_publishername":"","msr_edition":"","msr_affiliation":"","msr_published_date":"2020-11-22","msr_host":"","msr_duration":"","msr_version":"","msr_speaker":"","msr_other_contributors":"","msr_booktitle":"","msr_pages_string":"","msr_chapter":"","msr_isbn":"","msr_journal":"","msr_volume":"","msr_number":"MSR-TR-2020-42","msr_editors":"","msr_series":"","msr_issue":"","msr_organization":"Microsoft","msr_how_published":"","msr_notes":"(*) The first two authors contributed equally to this work. v4, 2021-06-07. Extended version of the PLDI'21 paper.","msr_highlight_text":"","msr_release_tracker_id":"","msr_original_fields_of_study":"","msr_download_urls":"","msr_external_url":"","msr_secondary_video_url":"","msr_longbiography":"","msr_microsoftintellectualproperty":1,"msr_main_download":"","msr_publicationurl":"","msr_doi":"","msr_publication_uploader":[{"type":"file","viewUrl":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/uploads\/prod\/2020\/11\/perceus-tr-v4.pdf","id":"751675","title":"perceus-tr-v4","label_id":"243109","label":0}],"msr_related_uploader":"","msr_attachments":[{"id":751675,"url":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/uploads\/prod\/2021\/06\/perceus-tr-v4.pdf"},{"id":716614,"url":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/uploads\/prod\/2021\/01\/perceus-tr-v3.pdf"},{"id":708472,"url":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/uploads\/prod\/2020\/11\/perceus-tr-v1.pdf"}],"msr-author-ordering":[{"type":"text","value":"Alex Reinking*","user_id":0,"rest_url":false},{"type":"text","value":"Ningning Xie*","user_id":0,"rest_url":false},{"type":"user_nicename","value":"Leonardo de Moura","user_id":32646,"rest_url":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/microsoft-research\/v1\/researchers?person=Leonardo de Moura"},{"type":"user_nicename","value":"Daan Leijen","user_id":31497,"rest_url":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/microsoft-research\/v1\/researchers?person=Daan Leijen"}],"msr_impact_theme":[],"msr_research_lab":[199565],"msr_event":[],"msr_group":[144812],"msr_project":[170943],"publication":[],"video":[],"download":[755677],"msr_publication_type":"techreport","related_content":{"projects":[{"ID":170943,"post_title":"Koka","post_name":"koka","post_type":"msr-project","post_date":"2012-04-13 08:38:42","post_modified":"2021-06-18 11:46:37","post_status":"publish","permalink":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/project\/koka\/","post_excerpt":"Koka is a 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